Alosa macedonica, Macedonia shad : fisheries

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Alosa macedonica (Vinciguerra, 1921)

Macedonia shad
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Alosa macedonica
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分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Alosidae (Shads and Sardines)
Etymology: Alosa: Latin, alausa = a fish cited by Ausonius and Latin, halec = pickle, dealing with the Greek word hals = salt; it is also the old Saxon name for shad = "alli" ; 1591 (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

; 淡水 大洋性. 亞熱帶的; 41°N - 40°N, 23°E - 24°E

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Europe: Lakes Koronia (extirpated) and Volvi, Greece (ref. 59043).
歐洲: 希臘 Volvi 湖的特有種。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm 12.4, range 11 - 14 cm
Max length : 35.1 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 10545); 最大体重: 600.00 g (Ref. 10545); 最大年龄: 10 年 (Ref. 10545)

简单描述 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数): 3 - 4; 背的软条 (总数): 12-14; 臀棘 3-4; 臀鳍软条: 16 - 21. This species is distinguished from its congeners entering the freshwater in Mediterranean basin by the following characters: gill rakers 106-128; teeth on palatine and vomer well-developed, especially in juveniles (Ref. 59043).

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Landlocked, lacustrine, pelagic, in upper water layers during summer and descending to deeper layers in winter. It spawns at 1-2 years, near shores above gravel or coarse sand, with most individuals spawning more than one season. Spawning starts when temperature reach about 19-20°C, in July to August (Ref. 59043). Adults form schools in the epilimnion during summer and tend to congregate in shallow waters near shores. They feed on plankton (cladocerans and copepods) and small fishes (Ref. 10545, 59043). It is threatened by water abstraction and pollution (Ref. 26100).

出现于平静的水域中的一种生命期短的种。 在表水层中形成鱼群夏天时而且倾向聚集在近岸浅水区。 吃浮游生物与鱼类。 (参考文献 10545) 繁殖发生从四月到六月。 受到威胁的由于水资源减少与污染.(参考文献 26100)。

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

Deposits eggs near the shore where the sediment consists of gravel or coarse sand (Ref. 10545). Most individuals spawn in more than one season (Ref. 59043).歐洲: 希臘 Volvi 湖的特有種。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Economidis, P.S. and A.I. Sinis, 1991. Alosa macedonica (Vinciguerra 1921). p. 297-308. In H. Hoestlandt (ed.) The freshwater fishes of Europe. Vol. 2. Clupeidae, Anguillidae. AULA-Verlag Wiesbaden. (Ref. 10545)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  次级保育类动物, 见 IUCN 红皮书 (VU) (D2); Date assessed: 31 January 2006

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的





人类利用

渔业: 低经济
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

更多信息

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生态毒物学
繁殖
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孕卵数

卵的发育
年龄范围
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工具

特别资料

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网络资源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因组, 核苷酸 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia: 转至, 搜寻 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 动物学的记录

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00603 (0.00347 - 0.01045), b=2.95 (2.80 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.7   ±0.64 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=1; tmax=10; K=0.403).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Low.