>
Osteoglossiformes (Bony tongues) >
Notopteridae (Featherbacks or knifefishes) > Notopterinae
Etymology: Chitala: Bangladesh local name; chitala: From rivers of Bengal & Behar..
More on author: Hamilton.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة القاع; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19. Tropical; 24°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060)
Asia: Indus, Ganges-Brahmaputra and Mahanadi river basins in India. No valid records from Irrawaddy, Salween or other river basins of Myanmar. Reports of Chitala chitala from Thailand and Indo-China were based on Chitala ornata and those from Malaysia and Indonesia on Chitala lopis.
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm 75.5 range ? - 91 cm
Max length : 122 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 4832); common length : 75.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 2686)
وصف مختصر
الوصف الخارجي | قياسات المظهر الخارجي
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع): 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع): 9; شوكة شرجية 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 117 - 127. The only species in which subadults and adults have a series of transverse gold or silver bars on the dorsum, but this color feature is not always present (Ref. 7431). Differs from C. ornata in never having ocellated spots and from C. blanci and C. lopis in never having a black spot on the pectoral fin base (Ref. 7431).
Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults inhabit freshwater rivers, lakes, beels, nullahs in the plains (Ref. 41236), reservoirs, canals and ponds (Ref. 1479). Feed on aquatic insects, mollusks, shrimps and small fishes (Ref. 1479). Females lay eggs usually on stake or stump of wood, males fan them with tail, keep them aerated and silt-free, guard them against small catfish and other predators; complete give-away to fishermen; females not observed at egg posts; moderately important food fish (Ref. 2686). Spawn once a year during May to August (Ref. 6459).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
The male tends the clutch (Ref. 2060).
Roberts, T.R., 1992. Systematic revision of the old world freshwater fish family Notopteridae. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 2(4):361-383. (Ref. 7431)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 126983)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً; الأستزراع المائي: تجاري; لعبة سمكه: نعم; حوض مائي: تجاري
مزيد من المعلومات
مراجعالأستزراع المائيملف الأستزراع المائيسلالاتجينيتواتر الأليلالتوريثالأمراضمعالجةNutrientsMass conversion
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
Download XML
مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5166 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00537 - 0.03092), b=3.05 (2.84 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Subfamily-BS (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.59 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (tm=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 72.1 [24.2, 211.9] mg/100g ; Iron = 1.51 [0.55, 3.74] mg/100g ; Protein = 17.4 [15.7, 19.1] % ; Omega3 = 0.358 [0.132, 0.991] g/100g ; Selenium = 104 [32, 279] μg/100g ; VitaminA = 17.1 [3.8, 70.3] μg/100g ; Zinc = 0.686 [0.386, 1.490] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
