分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Mugiliformes (Mullets)
鱸形目 (Mullets) >
Mugilidae (Mullets)
鯔科 (Mullets)
Etymology: forsteri: Named for F.C. Aldrich, former Chief Inspector of Fisheries and Game, Western Australia and J.R. Forster, naturalist on Cook's second voyage to New Zealand (Ref. 9003).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 降海洄游 (Ref. 46888); 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 9003), usually 0 - 10 m (Ref. 9812). 溫帶; ? - 28°C (Ref. 28706); 25°S - 47°S, 112°E - 173°W
Southwest Pacific: throughout New Zealand and the Chatham Islands; also from eastern, western Australia, southern Australia and Tasmania.
西南太平洋: 在紐西蘭與 Chatham 島各處; 也從東方，澳洲西部，澳洲南部與塔斯梅尼亞。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 44894); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9258); 最大體重: 950.00 g (Ref. 26498); 最大年齡: 7 年 (Ref. 9003)
背棘 (總數): 5; 背的軟條 (總數): 9; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 12. More pointed head and mouth than Mugil cephalus, and their eyes lack adipose (fatty) eyelids. Body scales are small (54-64 between gill opening and tail base) and thin, and are easily dislodged. 2 widely separated dorsal fins, the first with 4 spines and the second with 1 spine and 9 rays. These fish are olive or bluish brown above and silvery on the sides, and their eyes are bright yellow or golden. The fins have brown margins.
超過 Mugil cephalus 的比較尖的頭部與嘴, 與他們的眼缺乏脂肪 (脂肪的) 眼瞼。 身體鱗片是小的 (54-64 在鰓裂與尾部基底之間) 而細的, 而且容易地被逐出。 2個分開很遠的背鰭,第一個有 4根棘而且第二個有 1根棘與 9個鰭條。 這些魚是橄欖色或者藍色的上方褐色而銀色的側邊上, 與他們的眼是鮮黃色或金的。 鰭有褐色邊緣。
Found over sandy and muddy bottoms of coastal waters, bays, estuaries, and may ascend rivers into freshwaters (Ref. 9812, 44894). Adults inhabit brackish coastal lakes (Ref. 44894). Found in schools (Ref. 9812). Shoal-forming (Ref. 44894). They are omnivores, feeding mostly on benthic detritus, algae and small invertebrates. Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Spawn in coastal waters in summer and autumn, probably in estuaries (Ref. 9812, 27012, 28470, 28707, 28708). Marketed fresh (whole gutted or fillets), smoked, salted or as roe (Ref. 3383).
發現在沿岸水域的沙泥底，海灣，河口上., 而且可能上溯到河進入淡水.(參考文獻 9812,44894) 成魚棲息於半鹹淡的沿岸湖泊。 (參考文獻 44894) 成群出現.(參考文獻 9812) 淺灘-形成.(參考文獻 44894) 他們是雜食動物, 大部份吃底棲的碎屑，藻類與小型無脊椎動物。 卵生的, 卵是大洋性與非黏性物.(參考文獻 205) 在夏天與秋天產卵於沿岸水域中, 可能在河口.(參考文獻 9812,27012,28470,28707,28708) 在市場上銷售生鮮地 (全部內臟或魚排)., 煙燻, 鹽醃的或如魚白.(參考文獻 3383)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Yellow eye mullet form large aggregations prior to spawning (Ref. 6390).西南太平洋: 在紐西蘭與 Chatham 島各處; 也從東方，澳洲西部，澳洲南部與塔斯梅尼亞。
Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993. Australian fisheries resources. Bureau of Resource Sciences, Canberra, Australia. 422 p. (Ref. 6390)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.5 - 20.2, mean 17.1 °C (based on 354 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00558 - 0.02474), b=2.96 (2.79 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.5 ±0.26 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=2-3; tmax=7; Fec=125,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 45.6 [15.7, 139.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.36 [0.14, 1.08] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.4, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.804 [0.340, 1.805] g/100g; Selenium = 34.3 [12.1, 99.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.44 [1.77, 41.50] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.918 [0.449, 1.692] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
