Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
морской донно-пелагический; пределы глубины ? - 60 m (Ref. 114953). Tropical; 28°N - 10°S, 33°E - 120°E (Ref. 114953)
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea, India (including Sri Lanka) to Indonesia, north to Japan (Ref. 114953). Australian and old records from the Mediterranean Sea and Suriname need confirmation.
Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 300 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 58048)
Found inshore (Ref. 9909) and offshore (Ref. 58784). A carnivorous fish that feeds on large shellfishes (Ref. 58784). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Biology little known (Ref. 9909). Caught occasionally by demersal tangle net fisheries operating throughout the area. Utilized for its meat, find (both very high value), skin and cartilage (Ref.58048). Marketed fresh and probably dried-salted (Ref. 9909).
Life cycle and mating behavior
половая зрелость | размножение | нерест | икра | Fecundity | личинки
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).
Compagno, L.J.V., 1999. Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
рыболовство: коммерческий
дополнительная информация
Возраст/РазмерыростЗависимость между длиной и массой телаЗависимость между длинамиРазмерный составморфометрияморфологияличинкидинамика численности личинокпополнениечисленностьBRUVS
ссылкиаквакультура (рыбоводство)особенности рыбоводствастепень растяжениягенетикаElectrophoresesнаследуемостьболезниобработкаNutrientsMass conversion
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.8 - 29.1, mean 28.1 °C (based on 1958 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00372 (0.00145 - 0.00950), b=3.09 (2.87 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
120179): низкий, минимальное время удвоения популяции 4.5-14 лет (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).