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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Sciaenops: Greek, skiaina, skion = a fish, red mullet + Greek, ops = appearance (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور نزديك كف زي; اقیانوس رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 10 - ? m (Ref. 9988). Subtropical; 15°C - 26°C (Ref. 127841); 43°N - 0°S
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts in USA to northern Mexico, including southern Florida, USA.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm 82.7, range 55 - 80.3 cm
Max length : 155 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 3702); common length : 100.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 3702); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 45.0 kg (Ref. 9988); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 50 سال ها (Ref. 32563)
Occurs usually over sand and sandy mud bottoms in coastal waters and estuaries. Abundant in surf zone. Feeds mainly on crustaceans, mollusks and fishes. Utilized fresh and frozen; can be pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك; آبزي پروري: تجاري; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله; آكواريوم: آکواریوم عمومی
اطلاعات بيشتر
همكارانعکس هاStamps, Coins Misc.صداهاسيگواتراسرعتنوع شناگریمنطقه آبششيOtolithsمغزهابینایی
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.5 - 27.3, mean 24.2 °C (based on 180 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00523 - 0.01324), b=3.07 (2.94 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.6 (2.4 - 3.7) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 16
growth studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (K=0.27; tmax=7; Fec~1 million).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (88 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 45.3 [25.8, 87.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.905 [0.462, 1.579] mg/100g; Protein = 21.4 [18.9, 23.7] %; Omega3 = 0.262 [0.127, 0.506] g/100g; Selenium = 38.8 [20.5, 79.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.2 [1.5, 14.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.566 [0.398, 0.828] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
