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Teleostei (teleosts) > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Umbrina: Latin, umbra, -ae = shadow, in the sense of phantom; due to its quick movements (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Jordan & Gilbert.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 10 - 60 m (Ref. 91172). Subtropical; 37°N - 22°N, 123°W - 104°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Central Pacific: Point Conception in California, USA to the Gulf of California; old records from as far north as San Francisco, California.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 56.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637); max. published weight: 2.5 kg (Ref. 40637)

Found in shallow sandy areas, often in surf zones, bays and tidal sloughs. Feed on fishes, crustaceans, marine worms and bivalves (Ref. 9118) Often caught by surf fishers. Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Oviparous (Ref. 240). Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 29 January 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
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Predators

Ecology
Ecology

Population dynamics
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Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
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Life cycle
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Egg(s)
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Distribution
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Anatomy
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Brains
Otoliths

Physiology
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Swimming type
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Visual pigment(s)
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Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
Genetics
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 19.5 - 25.9, mean 22.4 °C (based on 22 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00794 (0.00492 - 0.01282), b=3.06 (2.92 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.47 se; based on food items.

Generation time: 4.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Umbrina roncador Jordan & Gilbert, 1882