Scoliodon laticaudus, Spadenose shark : fisheries, bait

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Scoliodon laticaudus Müller & Henle, 1838

Spadenose shark
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Scoliodon laticaudus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Scoliodon laticaudus (Spadenose shark)
Scoliodon laticaudus
Picture by Randall, J.E.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) > Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) > Carcharhinidae (Requiem sharks)
Etymology: Scoliodon: scolio-, from skolios (Gr.), oblique; odon (Gr.), tooth, referring to oblique teeth pointing towards sides of mouth. (See ETYFish);  laticaudus: latus (L.), wide or broad; cauda (L.), tail, allusion not explained, perhaps referring to width of upper caudal-fin lobe. (See ETYFish).
More on authors: Müller & Henle.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; brackish; demersal; amphidromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 10 - 13 m. Tropical; 26°C - 29°C (Ref. 4959); 34°N - 26°S, 32°E - 130°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf (Ref. 68964), Somalia (Ref. 30573), Tanzania, Mozambique (Ref. 5213), Pakistan to Java in Indonesia; then Japan, China, and Taiwan. Reported from Australia (Ref. 4959).

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm 38.3, range 33 - 76.5 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5450); max. reported age: 6 years (Ref. 244)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 0. Bronze grey above, white below, fins sometimes darker than body; no conspicuous markings (Ref. 9997).

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Found on rocky substrates of coastal waters and lower reaches of tropical rivers (Ref. 244). It is uncertain, however, if this species can live in perfectly fresh water for extended periods (Ref. 244). Forms large schools (Ref. 244). Adults feed on small bony fishes, shrimps and cuttlefish (Ref. 244). Viviparous (Ref. 50449). Common by-catch of the inshore demersal gillnet fisheries, particularly those operating off Kalimantan (Ref.58048). Utilized fresh for human consumption; processed into fishmeal and used as bait for other sharks and bony fishes (Ref. 244). Maximum sizes up to 120 cm unconfirmed (Ref. 244).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Viviparous, with an unusual columnar placenta (Ref. 244). Maternal and foetal placenta comprises the entire placenta (Ref. 39556). Transplacental nutrient transfer may be hemotrophic (Ref. 39556). Litter size varies from 1 (Ref. 58048) to 14 (Ref. 9997). Size at birth about 13 to 15 cm TL (Ref. 9997). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | Collaborators

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Near Threatened (NT) (A2d); Date assessed: 29 April 2020

CITES


CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless (Ref. 244)





Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; bait: usually
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25.3 - 29, mean 28.5 °C (based on 1946 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00316 - 0.00479), b=3.05 (3.00 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.8   ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  Very Low, minimum population doubling time more than 14 years (K=0.88; tm=2; tmax=6; Fec=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 45 [6, 245] mg/100g; Iron = 0.903 [0.233, 2.570] mg/100g; Protein = 21.2 [18.9, 23.4] %; Omega3 = 0.174 [0.064, 0.437] g/100g; Selenium = 31.8 [6.9, 94.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.81 [3.51, 21.02] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.932 [0.431, 1.731] mg/100g (wet weight);