Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range 30 - 300 m (Ref. 3200). Subtropical; 43°N - 4°N
Eastern Central Atlantic: Madeira Island (Ref. 74541), Canary Islands, Senegal, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Sierra Leone; northward to southwest of Iberian Peninsula, Mediterranean. Western Indian Ocean: Natal, South Africa (Ref. 3200).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 124816); common length : 15.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3397); max. published weight: 70.00 g (Ref. 124816)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 0;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 62-70;
Anal
spines: 0;
Anal
soft rays: 64 - 75;
Vertebrae: 40 - 43. Greyish, median fins darker; 4 round, white-edged, black ocelli on posterior part of body; white-edged black band across peduncle; black blotch on lateral line behind tip of pectoral; faint dark spots on anterior part of body (Ref. 3200).
Inhabits sandy and muddy bottoms.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Desoutter, M., 1990. Soleidae. p. 1037-1049. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5304)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 126983)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
More information
Common namesSynonymsMetabolismPredatorsEcotoxicologyReproductionMaturitySpawningSpawning aggregationFecundityEggsEgg development
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingNutrientsMass conversion
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