Tongaichthys robustus, Tonga escolar

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Tongaichthys robustus Nakamura & Fujii, 1983

Tonga escolar
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Tongaichthys robustus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Tongaichthys robustus
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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Scombriformes (Mackerels) > Gempylidae (Snake mackerels)
Etymology: Tongaichthys: From the Tonga island in the Pacific ocean + Greek, ichthys = fish.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; bathypelagic; depth range 288 - 312 m (Ref. 6181). Deep-water; 12°S - 27°S, 144°E - 174°W (Ref. 6181)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Pacific Ocean: Several specimens (38 individuals) were reported from the Tonga Ridge; around Fiji; 1 specimen from off Flinders Reef, Queensland (17°33'S, 149°46'E, CSIRO no. H1185-01).

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9784)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 16 - 17; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14-17; Anal spines: 1; Anal soft rays: 14 - 16; Vertebrae: 33. Head relatively large. Scales on cheeks enlarged, elongate and slightly overlapping. Color is dark brown above, slightly paler below.

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Probably mesopelagic or mesobenthopelagic (Ref. 6181).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Parin, Nikolay V. | Collaborators

Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 126983)

  Not Evaluated 

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 4.6 - 9.4, mean 6.1 °C (based on 78 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.0000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00426 - 0.02456), b=3.00 (2.79 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Subfamily-BS (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.9   ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Assuming tmax>3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).