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Family: | Torpedinidae Electric rays | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Max. length (Lmax): | cm TL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
L infinity (Linf): | = cm | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
K: |
/year
Ø' =
Median Ø' value with related Linf. and K. |
Growth & mortality data |
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to: | years Estimated from Linf and K. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Natural mortality (M): |
s.e.
-
/year
Estimated from Linf., K and annual mean temp. = °C |
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Life span (approx.): | years Estimated from Linf., K and to. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Generation time: | years Estimated from Lopt, Linf., K and to. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Age at first maturity (tm): | years Estimated from Lm, Linf., K and to. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
L maturity (Lm): |
s.e.
-
cm
Estimated from Linf. |
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L max. yield (Lopt): |
s.e.
-
cm
|
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Length-weight: |
cm
=>
(wet weight)
W = * L ^ |
Length-weight data |
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Nitrogen & protein: |
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Reproductive guild: | bearers: internal live bearers Reproduction | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fecundity: | [ no value (min.)-no value (max.) ] Estimated as geometric mean. Fecundity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Relative Yield per Recruit (Y'/R): |
Estimate Y'/R from M/K, Lc/Linf and E.
Lc= cm E= /year Emsy /year Eopt /year Fmsy /year Fopt /year |
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Exploitation: |
Z= F= E= |
Estimate Z, F, E from Lc, Lmean, Linf, K, M
Lc = cm Lmean = cm |
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Resilience / productivity: |
Vulnerable to extinction if decline in biomass or numbers exceeds threshold over the longer of 10 years or 3 generations. |
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Intrinsic rate of increase (rm): | /year |
Lr = cm
Estimated from Fmsy at Lc = length of recruitment (Lr). |
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Main food: | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trophic level: | 4.5 Estimated from diet data. Diet | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Food consumption (Q/B): | times the body weight per year |
Enter Winf, temperature, aspect ratio (A), and food type to estimate Q/B Winf = g Temp. = °C
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Estimate growth | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note: The estimates are derived from default values taken from FishBase and will thus not be appropriate for every population. You can change these values and recalculate the life history parameters. |
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Species summary |