Ranges from British Columbia to New Brunswick (Ref. 52559). Recorded from the sea along the Pacific coast (Ref. 11794, 11382). A female 47 cm in length produces about 300,000 eggs (Ref. 6885). Young are probably preyed upon by northern pike, muskellunge, and largemouth bass. Adults uproot and destroy submerged aquatic vegetation and therefore may be detrimental to duck and native fish populations (Ref. 1998). Marketed cleaned and iced, or smoked (Ref. 1998). Also a popular fish sold in live fish markets. Found in 2 out of 6 live fish markets near the Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Rarely utilized as a game fish (Ref. 52559). Also Ref. 1995, 6885, 10274, 96339.