Saudi Arabia country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Museum: Karan Is., BPBM 30338. Jana Is., BPBM 33336. Jurayd Is., BPBM 30339. Das Is., BMNH 1975.4.5.11. Also Ref. 4787.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Mérou plate grise, Mero de lunares, Rankin cod, ... more

Classification / Names Noms communs | Synonymes | Catalog of Fishes(Genre, Espèce) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Peters.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Écologie

marin récifal; profondeur 1 - 110 m (Ref. 89707). Tropical; 30°N - 27°S, 33°E - 136°E

Distribution Pays | Zones FAO | Écosystèmes | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf to southern Mozambique and eastward to Western Australia. Not known from the Red Sea.

Length at first maturity / Taille / Poids / Âge

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - 50 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 5222); common length : 75.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 5450); poids max. publié: 9.0 kg (Ref. 3132)

Description synthétique Morphologie | Morphométrie

Épines dorsales (Total): 11; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total): 15-17; Épines anales 3; Rayons mous anaux: 8. Distinguished by the following characteristics: color is dark purplish gray with scattered irregular whitish spots and blotches which are faint or absent in preserved fish; ctenoid body scales except cycloid dorsoanteriorly below anterior half of spinous dorsal fin, thorax, abdomen and above anterior anal fin; body with numerous auxiliary scales; greatest depth of body 2.5-3.0 in SL; slightly emarginate to truncate caudal fin; short pelvic fins, 1.7-2.3 in head length (Ref. 90102); head length 2.4-2.7 times in SL; distinctly convex interorbital, slightly convex dorsal head profile; subangular preopercle, shallow notch just above the angle, serrae at angle not or slightly enlarged; upper edge of operculum straight; posterior nostrils of adults is twice the size of anterior nostrils; maxilla reaches vertical at rear edge of eye or thereabouts; ventral edge of maxilla of adults with distinct step distally; 2 rows of teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw (Ref. 89707).

Inhabit clear to turbid water in shallow as well as deep water (Ref. 4787). Juveniles are found in inshore coral reefs (Ref. 5222). They feed in water to more than 100 m depth (Ref. 27275). It has been suggested that juveniles mimic the herbivorous damselfish Neopomacentrus sindensis, presumably to get closer to their unsuspecting prey (Ref. 5222, 9710). Feed on small fishes and crabs. Probably spawn during restricted periods and form aggregations when doing so (Ref. 27352). Eggs and early larvae are probably pelagic (Ref. 6390). Solitary (Ref 90102).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves

Rock cod are protogynous hermaphrodites.

Référence principale Upload your references | Références | Coordinateur | Collaborateurs

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)

Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Préoccupation mineure (LC) ; Date assessed: 21 November 2016

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Menace pour l'homme

Harmless

Utilisations par l'homme

Pêcheries: commercial

FAO(pêcheries: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Noms communs
Synonymes
Métabolisme
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Reproduction
Maturité
Frai
Fécondité
Œufs
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Longueur-longueur
Fréquences de longueurs
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.7 - 29.2, mean 27.3 (based on 386 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00571 - 0.01672), b=3.00 (2.86 - 3.14), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Niveau trophique (Ref. 69278): 3.9 ±0.67 se; based on food items.

Résilience (Ref. 120179): Milieu, temps minimum de doublement de population : 1,4 à 4,4 années (K=0.27).

Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 1 stock assessment.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Very high vulnerability (82 of 100).

Catégorie de prix (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Epinephelus multinotatus (Peters, 1876)