United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: California halibut, Halibut
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Cardeau californien, Lenguado de California, مفلطح كاليفورني, ... more

Classification / Names Nomi Comuni | Sinonimi | Catalog of Fishes(Genere, Specie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Paralichthys: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, ichthys = fish + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ayres.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marino; salmastro demersale; oceanodromo (Ref. 51243); distribuzione batimetrica 0 - 183 m (Ref. 2850), usually 0 - 60 m (Ref. 122321). Subtropical; 48°N - 24°N

Distribuzione Stati | Aree FAO | Ecosystems | Presenze | Point map | Introduzioni | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Quillayute River in northern Washington, USA to southern Baja California, Mexico. Also in northern Gulf of California (Ref. 9330).

Length at first maturity / Size / Peso / Age

Maturity: L_m 47.3, range 47 - 51.3 cm
Max length : 152 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 2850); peso massimo pubblicato: 33.0 kg (Ref. 9330); Età massima riportata: 30 anni (Ref. 33520)

Adults are found mostly on sandy bottoms near shore to 183 m depth. Juveniles are common beyond surf line, larvae settling in bays and estuaries (Ref. 122321). Adults feed during the day (Ref. 9643) on fishes and squids, often well off the bottom. An important sport and commercial fish. They are caught with trammel nets (Ref. 9330). Marketed as fresh fillet (Ref. 9330). Adults migrate to shallower waters to spawn (Ref. 9643). Has very sharp teeth and is known to bite if handled (Ref. 13513).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve

Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). They are batch spawners that exhibit indeterminate fecundiity and undergo asynchronous ovarian development (Ref. 122336). Spawning interval is between 7 and 14 days while spawning frequency is around 12 to 13 times per year.

Main reference Upload your references | Bibliografia | Coordinatore : Amaoka, Kunio | Collaboratori

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 25 May 2007

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Traumatogenic (Ref. 13513)

Human uses

Pesca: commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si

FAO(pesca: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Informazioni ulteriori

Stati
Aree FAO
Ecosystems
Presenze
Introduzioni
Stocks
Ecologia
Dieta
Prede
Consumo di cibo
Razione

Nomi Comuni
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Metabolismo
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Ecotossicologia
Riproduzione
Maturità
Deposizione
Fecundity
Uova
Egg development

Age/Size
Accrescimento
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morfometria
Morfologia
Larve
Dinamica popolazioni larvali
Reclutamento
Abbondanza

Bibliografia
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Varietà
Genetica
Electrophoreses
Ereditarietà
Malattie
Elaborazione
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Collaboratori
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Suoni
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Strumenti

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page | Point data | Nomi Comuni | Photos

Fonti Internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 12.4 - 23.9, mean 19.8 (based on 48 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00357 - 0.01166), b=3.15 (3.00 - 3.30), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.63 se; based on food items.

Resilienza (Ref. 120179): Basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 4.5 - 14 anni (K=0.08; tmax=30; tm=2.6).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (55 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High vulnerability (61 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Paralichthys californicus (Ayres, 1859)