Australia country information

Common names: Deep sea perch, Deep-sea perch, Orange roughy
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: abundant (always seen in some numbers) | Ref: Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993
Importance: commercial | Ref: Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993
Aquaculture: never/rarely | Ref: Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993
Regulations: restricted | Ref: Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993
Uses: no uses
Comments: Inhabit waters from 700 m to at least 1400 m, on the continental shelf slope between Port Stephens in New South Wales and Cape Naturaliste in Western Australia. They are also found on the South Tasman Rise, Cascade Plateau and Lord Howe Rise (Ref. 6390). The stock structure of orange roughy in Australian waters remains uncertain (Ref. 27081). Based on genetic studies, a single population exists, but biological studies imply the existence of separate stocks. Commercial fishery: Orange roughy were first recorded in Australian waters in trawl surveys off New South Wales conducted in 1972. The first promising catches were taken off Tasmania in 1981 by the research vessell Challenger, but it was not until 1986 that a large (non-spawning) aggregation was discovered off western Tasmania. From 1986 until the discovery of the spawning aggregation off St. Helens in 1989, the fishery was largely based on non-spawning aggregations and small catches from the dispersed population. Orange roughy are caught in the South East Fishery and, to a much lesser extent, in the Great Australian Bight Trawl Fishery, mainly in depths of 800-1200 m. The bulk of the catch is taken off eastern and southern Tasmania. The few attempts to catch orange roughy north of the South East Fishery area have proved largely unsuccessful, although small catches have been made off Port Stephens (Ref. 27024). Commercial fisheries were based primarily on spawning and non-spawning aggregations of adult fish over 30 cm in length. Most fish in catches from the Cascade Plateau are 35-50 cm long (average 42 cm) with an average weight of 1-2 kg, whereas those from around Tasmania and the Great Australian Bight are 30-46 cm (average 36 cm). The aggregations tend to be highly localised. The 'Hill' east of St. Helens supports a major fishery and minor aggregations, also of spawning fish, have been fished in the Great Australian Bight and off southern Tasmania. Non-spawning aggregations have so far been found on the Cascade Plateau; at Port Davey, Maatsuyker and Pedra Branca (southern Tasmania); off Sandy Cape (western Tasmania); off Beachport, Kangaroo Island and Port Lincoln (South Australia); and off Albany (Western Australia). The orange roughy catch is sold as frozen, deep-skinned, boned fillets. Most is exported. Orange roughy oil has been used both as lubricant and in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, leather, and textile industries. Resource status: The Australian orange roughy fishery has developed relatively recently and the status of the resource as of 1993, was uncertain (Ref. 27083). Available evidence suggests that the long-term sustainable yield is low as orange roughy have a low fecundity, slow growth and a long life. The history of the New Zealand fishery, which has been operating since 1979, supports this view. An acoustic estimate of the St Helens spawning aggregation calculated the virgin biomass as 110,000 t. No biomass estimates (as of 1993), were available elsewhere in this fishery. As of 1993, the maximum sustainable yield estimates for the South East Fishery were in the order of thousands of t rather than tens of thousands.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/as.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.csiro.au/
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Hoplostète orange, Reloj anaranjado, Большеголов атлантический (=берикс исландский), ... more

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Trachichthyiformes (Roughies) > Trachichthyidae (Slimeheads)
Etymology: Hoplostethus: Greek, hoplon = weapon + Greek, stetho, stethion = brest; literal = to prick a little breast (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋深海区的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 180 - 1809 m (Ref. 6390), usually 400 - 900 m (Ref. 3583). 深水域; 3°C - 9°C (Ref. 36694); 65°N - 56°S, 84°W - 168°W

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Western Atlantic: Gulf of Maine (Ref. 4784) [in error according to Moore (Fishes of the Gulf of Maine, in press), should be off northern Nova Scotia]. Eastern Atlantic: Iceland to Morocco; Walvis Bay, Namibia to off Durban, South Africa. Indo-Pacific: south-central Indian Ocean and New Zealand. Eastern Pacific: Chile (Ref. 27363). Several stocks may exist as suggested by distinct spawning sites and seasons.
西大西洋: 緬因灣 (參考文獻 4784)[錯誤根據摩爾 (緬因灣的魚, 在刊物), 應該是外海的新斯科舍省北部]. 東大西洋: 冰島到摩洛哥; 那米比亞的 Walvis 灣到外海的南非德爾班。印度-太平洋: 印度洋中南部與紐西蘭。東太平洋: 智利.(參考文獻 27363) 一些分枝可能存在當建議在明顯產卵區與季節之前。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: L_m 34.5, range 18 - 32.5 cm
Max length : 75.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 36696); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4181); 最大体重: 7.0 kg (Ref. 36697); 最大年龄: 149 年 (Ref. 3680)

简单描述型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数): 4 - 6; 背的软条 (总数): 15-19; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 10 - 12. Bright brick-red in color, mouth and gill cavity bluish black (Ref. 4181). Ventral scutes: 19-25.
明亮的红砖色的颜色, 嘴与鳃腔蓝黑色的.(参考文献 4181) 腹面鳞甲: 19-25.

Inhabits deep, cold waters over steep continental slopes, ocean ridges and sea-mounts. Shallow range of usual occurrence from Ref. 27121. Appears to be dispersed over both rough bottoms and steep, rough grounds where it feeds on crustaceans and fish. In New Zealand, the main prey include mesopelagic and benthopelagic prawns, fish, and squid, with other organisms such as mysids, amphipods and euphausiids occasionally being important (Ref. 9072). Juveniles feed mainly on crustaceans (Ref. 27075, 27076). Grows very slowly and is one of the longest lived fish species known. Based on parasite and trace-element analyses, orange roughy is a sedentary species with little movement between fish-management zones (Ref. 27089). Little is known of the larvae and juveniles which are probably confined to deep water (Ref. 27088). The fishery targets sporadically formed dense spawning and non-spawning aggregations. Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Because of severe overfishing the species has been listed as threatened by the Australian Government in 2006.

深地栖息于, 在陡峭的大陆斜坡，海洋脊与海底山脉上的寒冷水域。平常发生的水浅范围从参考文献 27121. 似乎散居在两者的之上粗糙的底部与陡峭的, 粗燥的底部在那里它吃甲壳类动物和鱼类。在纽西兰，主要的猎物包括中层带与大洋底栖性鱼种虾，鱼与乌贼, 与其它的生物在一起例如糠虾，片脚类动物与磷虾偶然地是重要的.(参考文献 9072) 稚鱼主要捕食甲壳动物。 (参考文献 27075,27076) 非常慢慢地生长而且是一那生命最长的被知道的鱼种。以寄生虫与痕迹为依据-要素分析, 橘色的 roughy 是有小的在魚-管理的區域之間的運動的一個定棲的種.(參考文獻 27089) 少為人知仔魚與稚魚可能那是侷限於深水域.(參考文獻 27088) 漁場目標偶而形成了密集的產卵與非被產卵的群集。在市場上銷售生鮮和冷凍; 清蒸, 油炸, 微波了而且燒烤了.(參考文獻 9988) 由於嚴重的捕撈過度此魚種已經被列出當在 2006 年受到威脅的由於澳洲的政府.

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

Orange roughy are synchronous annual spawners (Ref. 7030). They form dense spawning aggregations over sea hills and slopes. Eggs and sperms are shed into the water at the same time. Individual males appear to spawn over a 1-2 week period and females spawn for up to 1 week. Little is known of the larvae and juveniles.西大西洋: 緬因灣 (參考文獻 4784)[錯誤根據摩爾 (緬因灣的魚, 在刊物), 應該是外海的新斯科舍省北部]. 東大西洋: 冰島到摩洛哥; 那米比亞的 Walvis 灣到外海的南非德爾班。印度-太平洋: 印度洋中南部與紐西蘭。東太平洋: 智利.(參考文獻 27363) 一些分枝可能存在當建議在明顯產卵區與季節之前。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Moore, Jon A. | 合作者

Maul, G.E., 1986. Trachichthyidae. p. 749-752. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4784)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

不评价

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

无害处的

人类利用

渔业: 高经济性

FAO(渔业: 产生, 物种外形; publication : search) | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | 周边海洋

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Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 3.5 - 8.4, mean 6.6 (based on 754 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02239 (0.01607 - 0.03118), b=3.08 (2.98 - 3.18), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

营养阶层 (Ref. 69278): 4.3 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.

回复力 (Ref. 120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (K=0.04-0.06; tm=5-33; tmax=140; Fec=10,000).

Prior r = 0.06, 95% CL = 0.04 - 0.10, Based on 3 stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).

价格分类 (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett, 1889

Common names from other countries

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

分布国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

简单描述型态特徵 | 形态测量图

生物学特性字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Moore, Jon A. | 合作者

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

CITES (Ref. 128078)

CMS (Ref. 116361)

对人类的威胁

人类利用

更多信息

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特别资料

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Estimates based on models

Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett, 1889

Common names from other countries

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

简单描述 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

生物学特性 字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Moore, Jon A. | 合作者

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

CITES (Ref. 128078)

CMS (Ref. 116361)

对人类的威胁

人类利用

更多信息

工具

特别资料

下载 XML

网络资源

Estimates based on models

分布国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

简单描述型态特徵 | 形态测量图

生物学特性字汇 (例如 epibenthic)