Australia country information

Common names: Australian shortfinned eel, Freshwater eel, River eel
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: common (usually seen) | Ref: Sloane, R.D., 1984
Importance: commercial | Ref: Hall, D.N., D.J. Harrington and P.S. Fairbrother, 1990
Aquaculture: commercial | Ref: Arthington, A.H. and F. McKenzie, 1997
Regulations: restricted | Ref: Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993
Uses: gamefish: yes;
Comments: Present in coastal streams and tributaries from Pine River in southeastern Queensland to the Murray River in South Australia, including Flinders Island in Bass Strait and all of Tasmania except for the central western plateau (Ref. 12755). There is probably just a single stock in Australian waters. Commercial fishery: The main Australian freshwater eel fishery is located in Victoria where eels have been caught commercially since 1914 (Ref. 26507). The annual Victorian catch has averaged 225 t since 1976 with shortfin eels comprising 95% of the total. Most of the catch is taken during spring and early summer from waters west of Melbourne, particularly in the Hopkins River, Barwon River and Lake Corangamite basins (Ref. 26507). Smaller catches are taken from central and eastern Victoria. Eels in Victoria are caught almost exclusively using fyke nets. Aluminium dinghies with outboard motors are used to set up to 50 nets per licensed holder (Ref. 26507). The Tasmanian eel fishery has operated since 1965-66 with catches in most years ranging between 20 t and 40 t. Shortfin eels account for 97% of the Tasmanian catch, caught between October and March (Ref. 26515). The catch is taken mainly from coastal lagoons and farm dams with fyke nets. Fyke nets are prohibited from most streams and lakes because they take a high bycatch of trout (Salmonidae). Traps are used in some rivers, including weir-type traps to harvest migrating silver eels. Most of the Australian eel catch is destined for export markets, with 290 t exported in 1988-1989. The shortfin eel catch is purged in freshwater, eviscerated and snap frozen for export (Ref. 26507). A small proportion is smoked and sold on the domestic market. Aquaculture: Shortfin eels are farmed using 'extensive' culture techniques in Victoria and Tasmania (Ref 26516). In Victoria, Japanese glass eels nets are used to capture shortfin elvers which are then transferred to natural closed water bodies such as freshwater lakes and swamps (Ref. 26507). Some undersized brown eels are also released into these water bodies. The eels are harvested using fyke nets when they reach a marketable size. Extensive culture of shortfin eels is also conducted in northern Tasmania. About 30 t were produced by culture there during 1988-89 (Ref. 26516). Some Tasmanian fishers are licensed to trap elvers for stocking of Tasmanian and Victorian lakes. Cultured shortfin eels are handled and marketed by the same methods as in the commercial fishery. Recreational fishery: Freshwater eels are commonly caught by anglers when line fishing for other species in estuaries or freshwaters (Ref. 26509). They can be targeted by using introduced garden snails (Helicidae) as bait (Ref. 26510). Resource status: The shortfin eel resource in Tasmania and Victoria does not support heavier fishing pressure and an increase in production has to come from expansion of culture operations in recent years (Ref. 26507). There is no information on the status of the New South Wales eel resources. Also Ref. 1739, 11115.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/as.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.csiro.au/
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Anguille d'Australie, Anguila australiana, Shortfin eel, ... more

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Anguilliformes (Eels and morays) 鰻鱺目 (Eels and morays) > Anguillidae (Freshwater eels) 鰻鱺科 (Freshwater eels)
Etymology: Anguilla: Latin, anguilla, .-ae = eel (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Richardson.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水底中水層性; 降海洄游 (Ref. 9258); 深度上下限 0 - 3000 m (Ref. 86942). 亞熱帶的; 18°S - 47°S, 140°E - 168°E

分布國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Southwest Pacific: east coast of Australia and New Zealand, extending north to New Caledonia. Museum records from Fiji and Tahiti are doubtful. Australian and New Zealand forms sometimes recognized as subspecies. Most easily confused with Anguilla obscura and the surest way of distinguishing them is to count the vertebrae. Reported from Western and American Samoa (Ref. 592).
西南太平洋: 被向北延伸到新加勒多尼亞的澳洲東岸與紐西蘭。博物館來自斐濟的紀錄，而且大溪地島是可疑的。澳洲與紐西蘭的型有時被鑑定為亞種。最容易互相混淆區分他們的 安圭拉 obscura 與最可靠的方法將計算脊椎骨。記錄來自西薩摩亞與美屬薩摩亞了。 (參考文獻 592)

大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 130 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); 106.5 cm TL (female); common length : 45.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9258); common length :65 cm TL (female); 最大體重: 7.5 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年齡: 32 年 (Ref. 6390)

Occurs in streams, lakes and swamps. More likely inhabits slow flowing streams or still waters (Ref. 26509). Feeds on fishes, crustaceans, mollusks, worms, aquatic plants, and terrestrial and aquatic insects. This species does not breed outside its Pacific spawning ground. Migrates to the sea to breed (Ref. 9258). Maximum length for female eel taken from Ref. 6390. Migrating females in Lake Ellesmere (Canterbury, New Zealand) were reported to be in the range of 48.3 to 102.4 cm, larger than for males 33.8 to 55.4 cm (Ref. 44724). Despite its slimy appearance, its flesh is of excellent quality, considered a delicacy in many countries; meat suitable for smoking (Ref. 33839).

出現在溪流，湖與沼澤。更或許居住於慢的流動溪流或靜止的水域。 (參考文獻 26509) 捕食魚，甲殼動物，軟體動物，蠕蟲，水生植物與陸生與水生昆蟲。這種不在被產卵地面的它的太平洋的外邊繁殖。迴游到海洋繁殖。 (參考文獻 9258) 最大的母魚體長鰻魚取自了參考文獻 6390. 不在乎它的黏滑外表，它的肉是有在許多國家中被認為是一個佳餚的優良品質的; 肉適合做煙燻。 (參考文獻 33839)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

西南太平洋: 被向北延伸到新加勒多尼亞的澳洲東岸與紐西蘭。博物館來自斐濟的紀錄，而且大溪地島是可疑的。澳洲與紐西蘭的型有時被鑑定為亞種。最容易互相混淆區分他們的 安圭拉 obscura 與最可靠的方法將計算脊椎骨。記錄來自西薩摩亞與美屬薩摩亞了。 (參考文獻 592)

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Allen, G.R., 1989. Freshwater fishes of Australia. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 5259)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

近危 (NT) ; Date assessed: 06 November 2018

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

無害處的

人類使用

漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的

FAO(養殖: 產生; 漁業: 產生; publication : search) | FishSource |

工具

特別的報告

查看水族館維護 | 查看魚種資料頁 | 查看水產資料頁

下載 XML

摘要頁 | 點圖資料 | 俗名 | 相片

網路資源

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 4.3 - 9.1, mean 5.3 (based on 57 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00068 (0.00054 - 0.00085), b=3.16 (3.11 - 3.21), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

營養階層 (Ref. 69278): 4.3 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.

回復力 (Ref. 120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (tm=8-30; Fec=3,000,000).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (78 of 100).

價格種類 (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Anguilla australis Richardson, 1841

Common names from other countries

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

分布國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

大小 / 重量 / 年齡

生物學特性字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

CITES (Ref. 128078)

CMS (Ref. 116361)

對人類具威脅

人類使用

更多資訊

工具

特別的報告

下載 XML

網路資源

Estimates based on models

Anguilla australis Richardson, 1841

Common names from other countries

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

大小 / 重量 / 年齡

生物學特性 字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

CITES (Ref. 128078)

CMS (Ref. 116361)

對人類具威脅

人類使用

更多資訊

工具

特別的報告

下載 XML

網路資源

Estimates based on models

分布國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

生物學特性字彙 (例如 epibenthic)