This page is sponsored by
Mundus Maris

Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Turbot
Waarneming toevoegen in Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Scophthalmus maximus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
Uploaden van uw Foto's en video's
 Pictures | Videos | Stamps, Coins Misc. | Google afbeelding
Image of Scophthalmus maximus (Turbot)
Scophthalmus maximus
Picture by Quantz, G.

Sweden country information

Common names: Piggvar
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurrence: Native and regular (Ref. 30402).
National Checklist: Sweden checklist - Fish
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sw.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Muus, B. and P. Dahlström, 1978
National Database: Swedish Museum of Natural History

Common names from other countries

Rodaballo, Калкан, 大菱鲆, ... more

Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Scophthalmidae (Turbots)
Etymology: Scophthalmus: Greek, skopelos = a lantern fish + Greek, ophthalmos = eyes (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; brak water demersaal; oceanodroom (Ref. 51243); diepte 20 - 70 m (Ref. 6302).   Temperate; 70°N - 30°N, 25°W - 42°E

Verspreiding Landen | FAO regio's | Ecosystemen | Voorkomen | Point map | Introducties | Faunafri

Northeast Atlantic: throughout the Mediterranean and along the European coasts to Arctic Circle; also found in most of the Baltic Sea. Subspecies Psetta maxima maeotica in the Black Sea.

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: Lm 40.8, range 41 - 54 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 4703); common length : 50.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 35388); common length :70 cm TL (female); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 25.0 kg (Ref. 9988); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 25 Jaren (Ref. 32766)

Korte beschrijving Morfologie | Morfometrie

Body almost circular. Eye side without scales but with large bony tubercles (Ref. 35388).

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Adults live on sandy, rocky or mixed bottoms; rather common in brackish waters. Feed mainly on other bottom-living fishes (sand-eels, gobies, etc.), and also, to a lesser extent, on larger crustaceans and bivalves. Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Spawning season is between April and August; pelagic eggs. May reach 25 kg (Ref. 9988). Highly esteemed food fish. Utilized fresh or frozen; eaten steamed, pan-fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Spawning usually happens between the months of February and April in the Mediterranean and from May to July in the Atlantic. Sequenced spawning every 2-4 days. Eggs have a single fat drop. Larvae are initially symmetric but, at the end of the metamorphosis (day 40-50, 25 mm), the right eye moves to the left side, losing its initial bilateral symmetry. Egg size 0.9 - 1.2 mm, larval length at hatching 2.7-3.1 mm.

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers

Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3397)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 December 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Harmless




Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: commercieel; Aquacultuur: commercieel; sportvis: ja; Aquarium: Publieke aquaria
FAO(Aquacultuur: productie, soortsprofiel; visserij: productie; publication : search) | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Tools

Bio-Quiz | E-boek | Veldgids | Determinatiesleutels | Lengtefrequentie Tool | Levenscyclus tool | Verspreidingskaart | Classification Tree | Catch-MSY |

Speciale rapporten

Bekijk gegevens voor het houden in een aquarium | Bekijk Fact Sheets voor de soort | Bekijk Aquacultuur Fact Sheets

Download XML

Overzichtspagina | Puntgegevens | Lokale namen | Foto's

Internetbronnen

Exoten/Invasieve soorten database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Bekijk FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genoom, nucleotide) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Nationale databanken | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Publieke aquaria | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia(ga naar, zoek) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 5.9 - 11.9, mean 9.4 (based on 239 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5645   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00922 - 0.01365), b=3.06 (3.00 - 3.12), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  4.4   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.15-0.28; tm=3-5; tmax=26; Fec=5 million).
Prior r = 0.50, 95% CL = 0.33 - 0.74, Based on 9 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (60 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High vulnerability (65 of 100).
Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766):   Very high.