Samoa country information

Common names: Sumu-papa
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Also Ref. 9770.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ws.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.spc.org.nc/coastfish/Countries/samoa/samoa.htm
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Wass, R.C., 1984
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Baliste léopard, Kiinkoy carbeed, Sumu-papa, ... more

التصنيف / Names الأسماء الشائعة | مرادفات | Catalog of Fishes(جنس, الانواع) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) > Balistidae (Triggerfishes)
Etymology: Balistoides: Latin, balista, -ae = crossbowman + Greek, oides = similar (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range البيئة

بحري; مياه مخلوطة مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 1 - 75 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 43°N - 32°S, 31°E - 168°W

التوزيع دول | مناطق الفاو | النظام البيئي | الظهور | Point map | مقدمة | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: East Africa eastward through northern Australia extending to Samoa; north to southern Japan.

الحجم / وزن / العمر

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 2334)

وصف مختصر مفاتيح التعريف | الوصف الخارجي | قياسات المظهر الخارجي

الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 3; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 25 - 27; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 21 - 27; فقرات: 18. Unique color pattern of large white spots on belly, black spots on yellow background on the back, yellow snout. A white or yellowish band across snout in front of eye. Lips and the area around mouth orange-yellow. A broad vertical white, slightly yellowish band on caudal fin. Scales enlarged above pectoral-fin base and just behind gill opening to form a flexible tympanum. Rows of small anteriorly projecting spines on caudal peduncle. A prominent groove extending anteriorly from front of eye for a distance of about 1 eye diameter. Mouth terminal. Caudal peduncle compressed (Ref 9770). 39-50 rows of plate-like scales.

Lives in clear coastal to outer reef habitats (Ref. 48637). Occurs in clear seaward reefs adjacent to steep drop-offs. A solitary species (Ref. 9710). Uncommon to rare throughout most of its range (Ref. 9770). Adults usually seen along deep drop-offs, swimming about openly and may retreat to caves when approached. Juveniles secretive in small caves with rich invertebrate growth (Ref. 48637). Diet consists of sea urchins, crabs and other crustaceans, mollusks, and tunicates (Ref. 9770). Marketed fresh (Ref. 9770). Among the most highly prized aquarium fishes (Ref. 1602).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Spawning occurs in patches of mixed coral rubble and sand on clear seaward reefs (Ref. 37816).

المرجع الرئيسي Upload your references | مراجع | المنظم : Matsuura, Keiichi | المتعاونين

Matsuura, K., 2001. Balistidae. Triggerfishes. p. 3911-3928. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9770)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 11 January 2022

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

خطر للأنسان

Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)

استخدامات بشرية

مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً; حوض مائي: تجاري

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource | البحر حولنا

مزيد من المعلومات

Trophic ecology
عناصر الغذاء
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
مفتريسات

Ecology
البيئة
Home ranges

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
الطول- الترددات
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
التكاثر
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larvae
حركة انتقال اليرقات

Distribution
دول
مناطق الفاو
النظام البيئي
الظهور
مقدمة
BRUVS - Videos

Anatomy
Gill areas
دماغ
عظمة الأذن

Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
نوع السباحة
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
أصوات الأسماك
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
جيني
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities

Human related
Aquaculture systems
ملامح تربية الأحياء المائية
سلالات
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

Outreach
المتعاونين

Taxonomy
الأسماء الشائعة
مرادفات
الوصف الخارجي
قياسات المظهر الخارجي
صور

References
مراجع

أدوات

تقارير خاصة

البحث عن صيانت الأحواض المائيه | التحقق من وجود صفحات حقائق الأنواع | البحث عنا حقائق حول الأحواض المائيه

Download XML

صفحة الملخص | نقطة بيانات | الأسماء الشائعة | صور

مصادر علي الأنترنت

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 23.3 - 28.8, mean 27.3 (based on 552 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02570 (0.01232 - 0.05364), b=2.94 (2.77 - 3.11), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

مستوى غذائي (Ref. 69278): 3.3 ±0.39 se; based on food items.

المرونه (Ref. 120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).

فئة السعر (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Balistoides conspicillum (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)