Venezuela country information

Common names: Robalo, Róbalo
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ve.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez, 1992
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Crossie blanc, Róbalo blanco, Snook, ... more

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria) > Centropomidae (Snooks)
Etymology: Centropomus: Greek, kentron = sting + Greek, poma, -atos = cover, operculum (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; Água doce; estuarina associadas(os) a recifes; anfídromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade ? - 22 m (Ref. 26912). Tropical; 25°C - 31°C (Ref. 36880); 33°N - 35°S, 98°W - 33°W

Distribuição Países | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: southern Florida (USA), southeastern coast of the Gulf of Mexico, most of the Antilles and Caribbean coast of Central and South America extending southward to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; also North Carolina and Texas, USA (Ref. 7251).

Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: L_m ?, range 42 - ? cm
Max length : 140 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 9710); common length : 50.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3713); peso máx. publicado: 24.3 kg (Ref. 4699); idade máx. registrada: 7 anos (Ref. 12193)

Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 8 - 9; Raios dorsais (total) : 10; Espinhos anais: 3; Raios anais : 6. 67- to 72 pored scales on lateral line to base of caudal fin (Ref. 26938). Black lateral line (Ref. 13442).

Adults inhabit coastal waters, estuaries and lagoons, penetrating into freshwater; usually at depths less than 20 m (Ref. 3713). Feed on fishes (Gobiidae, Gerreidae, Engraulidae) and crustaceans (shrimps and crabs) (Ref. 35237). Mature individuals congregate at mouths of passes and rivers during the spawning season, May through September (Ref. 3713). Seasonal movements into freshwater occur but poorly understood (Ref. 3713). Marketed fresh (Ref. 5712). Valued game fish and an excellent food fish (Ref. 26938). The world record for hook and line is a 53-lb., 10 ounce fish caught at Parismina Ranch, Costa Rica (Ref. 13442).

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Also Ref. 103751.

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)

Segura ou pouco preocupante (LC) ; Date assessed: 08 February 2019

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

Harmless

Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: espécies comerciais; Aquacultura: espécies comerciais; peixe esportivo: sim

FAO(Aquaculture systems: produção; pescarias: produção; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 23.5 - 28.1, mean 27.3 (based on 864 cells).

Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00741 (0.00587 - 0.00936), b=3.02 (2.97 - 3.07), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278): 4.2 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.

Resiliência (Ref. 120179): médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.3-0.49; tm=4; tmax=7; Fec=3 million).

Prior r = 0.87, 95% CL = 0.58 - 1.31, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Very high vulnerability (86 of 100).

Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766): Low.

Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792)