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Batrachoides surinamensis (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

Pacuma toadfish
إضافة ملاحظاتك Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Batrachoides surinamensis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Batrachoides surinamensis (Pacuma toadfish)
Batrachoides surinamensis
Picture by Isaac, V.J.


Venezuela country information

Common names: Sapo guayanés
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurs in the Gulf of Venezuela; absent along the northern coast (Ref. 3273). Found in Pedernales channel, mouth of Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island, Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Guanipa river - Venado channel and Manamito channel (Ref. 51849).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ve.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez, 1992
National Database:

Common names from other countries

التصنيف / Names الأسماء الشائعة | مرادفات | Catalog of Fishes(جنس, الانواع) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Batrachoidiformes (Toadfishes) > Batrachoididae (Toadfishes) > Batrachoidinae
Etymology: Batrachoides: Greek, batrachos = frog + Greek, oides = similar (Ref. 45335).
  More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range البيئة

بحري; مياه مخلوطة القاع; نطاق العمق 1 - 36 m (Ref. 13608).   Tropical; 16°N - 14°S, 87°W - 34°W

التوزيع دول | مناطق الفاو | النظام البيئي | الظهور | Point map | مقدمة | Faunafri

Western Central Atlantic: Honduras to Salvador (Bahia) in Brazil.

Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر

Maturity: Lm 20.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 57.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 3273); common length : 35.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 3273); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 2.3 kg (Ref. 5217)

وصف مختصر مفاتيح التعريف | الوصف الخارجي | قياسات المظهر الخارجي

الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 3; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 28 - 30; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 25 - 27. Supraorbital and interorbital region smooth, without any filament; scaled area on head extending to middle of eye and opercle spine; 9 discrete pores on inner face of pectoral fin; body brown, with black spots and saddle-shaped blotches (Ref. 13608).

أحياء     المصطلحات (على سبيل المثال epibenthic)

Mainly in brackish water (Ref. 5217). Found on sandy-muddy bottoms in shallow warm water. Not so active, lingers over the substrate disguised. Feeds on small gastropod mollusks, crustaceans like crabs (Calappidae, Portunidae, Xanthidae, etc.), shrimps (Penaeidae, Palaemonidae, Alphaeidae, etc.) and fishes. Females are mature at around 20 cm length, males at 25 cm. Spawns 400 to 500 eggs, with a size of 4 to 5 mm (Ref. 35237). Marketed fresh.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

المرجع الرئيسي Upload your references | مراجع | المنظم : Collette, Bruce B. | المتعاونين

Collette, B.B., 1978. Batrachoididae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Volume 1. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3273)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 February 2009

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

خطر للأنسان

  Harmless




استخدامات بشرية

مصائد: تجاري; حوض مائي: تجاري
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

مزيد من المعلومات

Trophic ecology
عناصر الغذاء
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
مفتريسات
Ecology
البيئة
Home ranges
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
الطول- الترددات
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
التكاثر
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larvae
حركة انتقال اليرقات
Distribution
دول
مناطق الفاو
النظام البيئي
الظهور
مقدمة
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
Gill areas
دماغ
عظمة الأذن
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
نوع السباحة
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
أصوات الأسماك
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
جيني
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
ملامح تربية الأحياء المائية
سلالات
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
References
مراجع

أدوات

تقارير خاصة

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مصادر علي الأنترنت

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 27.1 - 28.3, mean 27.6 (based on 300 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5020   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00485 - 0.01241), b=3.15 (3.01 - 3.29), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref. 69278):  3.7   ±0.62 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref. 120179):  منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).
فئة السعر (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.