United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Brown shark, Manô, Manō
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Also in Ref. 37512, 27549, 93252.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Compagno, L.J.V., 1984
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Requin gris, Tiburón trozo, Queriman shark, ... more

Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (haaien en roggen) (sharks and rays) > Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) > Carcharhinidae (Requiem sharks)
Etymology: Carcharhinus: karcharos (Gr.), sharp or jagged; rhinus, an ancient name for sharks, from rhine (Gr.), rasp, both words alluding to a shark's jagged, rasp-like skin. (See ETYFish); plumbeus: Latin for “of lead,” i.e., lead-colored, referring to its gray-brown coloration above. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Nardo.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; brak water benthopelagisch; oceanodroom (Ref. 51243); diepte 0 - 500 m (Ref. 100719), usually 20 - 65 m (Ref. 55188). Subtropical; 23°C - 27°C (Ref. 244); 45°N - 41°S, 98°W - 154°W (Ref. 55188)

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Widespread in tropical and warm-temperate waters worldwide.

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m 166.3, range 126 - 183 cm
Max length : 300 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 124786); common length : 200 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 9987); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 117.9 kg (Ref. 4699); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 34 Jaren (Ref. 92315)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Anale stekels: 0. A stout shark with a moderately long, rounded snout, high, triangular, saw-edged upper teeth, and an interdorsal ridge; 1st dorsal fin very large and erect (Ref. 5578). Grey-brown or bronzy with no prominent markings, white below (Ref. 5578). Fins plain or with slightly dusky tips (Ref. 5485).

Found inshore and offshore, on continental and insular shelves and adjacent deep water (Ref. 244). Common at bays, river mouths and in harbors; avoids sandy beaches and the surf zone, coral reefs and rough bottom, and surface waters (Ref. 244). Coastal-pelagic, but usually bottom associated at 1-280 m (Ref. 58302). Sometimes in oceanic waters (Ref. 9997). Known to make extended seasonal migrations in some parts of its range (Ref. 6871). Feeds mainly on bony fishes, also small sharks, cephalopods, and shrimps (Ref. 5578), rays and gastropods (Ref. 5213). Youngs feed heavily on crustaceans such as blue crabd and mantis shrimp (Ref. 93252). Viviparous (Ref. 50449). Sexual dimorphism is evident in thickness of skin layer of maturing and adult females (Ref. 49562). Females live as long as 21 year; males 15 years (Ref. 27549). Populations are segregated by age. Young readily kept in aquaria (Ref. 244). Utilized for human consumption, for leather and oil (Ref. 244). Marketed fresh, smoked, dried-salted and frozen; fins are valued for soup (Ref. 9987). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). Records to 300 cm TL uncertain (Ref. 9997). TL to 300 cm (Ref. 26938). Angling: an inshore fish and a good light-tackle fighter (Ref. 84357).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Viviparous (Ref. 26281), placental (Ref. 50449), 1-14 pups in a litter; 56-75 cm at birth (Ref. 2334); gestation period of 12 months (Ref.58048). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Sexual dimorphism is evident in the thicker skin layer of maturing and adult females (Ref. 49562). This thickened skin may serve as protection from the 'bites' the female species receive from the males during precopulation and in the rugged conditions of the rock and coral environment where they live (Ref. 49562). Pups are born from Feb. to April in Northeastern Taiwan (Ref. 37027).

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | Medewerkers

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Bedreigd (EN) (A2bd); Date assessed: 03 December 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Harmless (Ref. 9997)

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: commercieel; sportvis: ja

FAO(visserij: productie, soortsprofiel; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 16.6 - 28.9, mean 27 (based on 3224 cells).

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00359 - 0.00555), b=3.09 (3.05 - 3.13), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.

Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (rm=0.028; K=0.05-0.09; tm=12-16; tmax=34; Fec=5-12).

Prior r = 0.07, 95% CL = 0.05 - 0.10, Based on 1 full stock assessment.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (87 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).

Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827)