United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Opaleye
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Calicagère verte, Chopa verde, Rudderfish, ... more

Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Centrarchiformes (Basses) > Girellidae (Nibblers)
Etymology: More on author: Ayres.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser benthopelagisch; standorttreu; tiefenbereich 2 - 30 m (Ref. 9310), usually 2 - 6 m (Ref. 9310). Subtropical; 0°C - 33°C (Ref. 35682); 38°N - 23°N, 125°W - 106°W

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri

Eastern Central Pacific: San Francisco in California, USA to southern Baja California, Mexico.

Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 66.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 2850); max. veröff. Alter: 10 Jahre (Ref. 56049)

A resident intertidal species with homing behavior (Ref. 32612). Can leave tide pools if aquatic conditions become inhospitable (Ref. 31184). Also found near or over rocks and in kelp beds up to about 30 m depth. Feed mainly on seaweed, occasionally takes invertebrates. Form dense schools in spring in kelp beds. Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049). Breathe air when out of water (Ref. 31184). Considered an important game fish and may incidentally be caught in commercial fishing activities (Ref. 9310). Marketed fresh (Ref. 9310).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).

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Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 May 2007

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Harmless

Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja

FAO(Fischereien: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Mehr Information

Trophic ecology
Nahrungsorganismen
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Räuber

Ecology
Ökologie
Home ranges

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Längenhäufigkeiten
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
Fortpflanzung
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Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larven
Larven Pop.Dyn.

Distribution
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Anatomy
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Gehirngröße
Otoliths

Physiology
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Nutrients
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Visual pigment(s)
Fisch Laute
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
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Electrophoreses
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Human related
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Aquakultur Profile
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Stamps, coins, misc.

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Zusammenfassung | Point data | Namen | Photos

Internet Quellen

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 15.4 - 24.2, mean 22.3 (based on 112 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01698 (0.00949 - 0.03040), b=3.15 (2.99 - 3.31), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 2.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (tm=2.5; tmax=10).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).

Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Girella nigricans (Ayres, 1860)