United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Cownose ray
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Reported from southern New England (Ref. 93252), southwards to Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 114953); including inshore north of Cape Hatteras (Ref. 37512). Also Ref. 27549.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Mourine américaine, Gavilán cubanito, Cownose rays, ... more

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (tubarões e raias) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Rhinopteridae (Cownose rays)
Etymology: Rhinoptera: Greek, rhinos = nose + Greek,pteron = fin, wing (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Mitchill.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; estuarina bentopelágico; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 22 m (Ref. 26912). Tropical; 46°N - 42°S, 98°W - 33°W

Distribuição Países | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: from New England (USA) to northern Argentina (Ref. 114953); including northern Florida (USA), throughout the Gulf of Mexico, migrating to Trinidad, Venezuela, Brazil and Uruguay (Ref. 7251).

Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: L_m 65.3, range 62 - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm WD macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 5217); peso máx. publicado: 953.00 g (Ref. 118626)

Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Deep grove around front of head below eyes; forehead above groove indented, snout below groove is distinctly bilobed (Ref. 26938). Disk brown to olive above, with no spots or marks, wings long and pointed (Ref. 7251). Lower surface white or yellowish white (Ref. 6902).

A benthopelagic species found on continental and insular shelves; enters bays and estuaries; forms huge schools inshore (Ref. 114953). Feeds mainly on benthic invertebrates and molluscs (implicated in damaging seagrass beds) (Ref. 93252, 114953). Jumps occasionally, landing with a loud smack, probably as a territorial display. Migrates south in large schools that disappear off northern Florida, USA and are not reported from Caribbean Is.; tagged fish have been recovered in northern South America (Ref. 7251). Population in the Gulf of Mexico migrates clockwise; schools of up to 10,000 rays leave west coast of Florida for Yucatan, Mexico in the fall (Ref. 7251). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449).

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor, 2016. Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)

Vulnerável, ver Livro Vermelho da UICN (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 21 June 2019

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

Traumatogenic (Ref. 4690)

Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: pouco comercial; Aquário: Aquários públicos

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 20 - 28.1, mean 26.7 (based on 643 cells).

Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.00693 - 0.02085), b=2.98 (2.82 - 3.14), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278): 3.2 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.

Resiliência (Ref. 120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (Fec assumed to be <100).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (59 of 100).

Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Rhinoptera bonasus (Mitchill, 1815)