Tanzania country information

Common names: Chambo, Kasawala, Ling'ara
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref: Eccles, D.H., 1992
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Known from Lake Nyasa [= Lake Malawi] (Ref. 4967) and its catchment (Ref. 118630, 118638), including crater lakes Kingiri, Ilamba and Massoko (Ref. 118638).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/tz.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.isp.msu.edu/AFRICANSTUDIES/PLEA/TAFIRI.HTM
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Shechonge, A., B.P. Ngatunga, S.J. Bradbeer, J.J. Day, J.J. Freer, A.G.P. Ford, J. Kihedu, T. Richmond, S. Mzighani, A.M. Smith, E.A. Sweke, R. Tamatamah, A.M. Tyers, G.F. Turner and M.J. Genner, 2018
National Database:

Common names from other countries

鳞翅口孵非鲫, Mang'ara, Zeya, ... more

Classification / Names Nomi Comuni | Sinonimi | Catalog of Fishes(Genere, Specie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Oreochromis: Latin, aurum = gold + Greek, chromis = a fish, perhaps a perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

; acqua dolce benthopelagico. Tropical; 9°S - 15°S

Distribuzione Stati | Aree FAO | Ecosystems | Presenze | Point map | Introduzioni | Faunafri

Africa: Lake Malawi and its catchment (Ref. 118630), including crater lakes Kingiri, Ilamba and Massoko (Ref. 118638) and Upper Shire River (Ref. 37112).

Length at first maturity / Size / Peso / Age

Maturity: L_m 26.9, range 20 - 37 cm
Max length : 36.0 cm SL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 4967)

Short description Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria

Spine dorsali (totale) : 16 - 17; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 10 - 11; Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 8 - 10. Diagnosis: A heavily-built large tilapia species with a wide rounded head; dwarf populations exist in some crater lakes, showing bony 'hunger-form' body shape (Ref. 118638). Females and juveniles with grey bodies and 6 or more vertical bars; males have a bright blue, occasionally white or green, 'mask' across the head; when fully ripe, the underside of most of the body can be black, with the upper surface a conspicuous white to pale blue; genital tassel can be long and branched, pinkish to bright yellow; females and non-territorial males are indistinguishable from Oreochromis karongae (Ref. 118638).

A semi-pelagic species (Ref. 4967), found in all kinds of habitats but seen mostly in shallow water; it is abundant in the southeastern arm of Lake Malawi, where it occurs in shallow, vegetated bays (Ref. 5595). It feeds on phytoplankton and sometimes from the sediment on the sand; diatoms constitute the major part of its diet (Ref. 5595). Major component of the fisheries catch in Lake Malawi (Ref. 118638). IUCN conservation status is endangered, due to declining population trend (Ref. 118638).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Riproduzione | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larve

Mating behavior includes the T-stand, both partners alternately forming the horizontal part of the T. Eggs are laid in batches and immediately picked up by the female. Fertilization takes place both on the ground and in the mouth. Females brood eggs/young, guarding their fry until about 15 mm (Ref. 2781).

Main reference Upload your references | Bibliografia | Coordinatore : Kullander, Sven O. | Collaboratori

Trewavas, E., 1983. Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Critically Endangered (CR) (A2d); Date assessed: 22 May 2018

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Pesca: commerciale; Acquario: Commerciale

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Fonti Internet

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01698 (0.00875 - 0.03297), b=2.98 (2.82 - 3.14), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 2.1 ±0.00 se; based on food items.

Resilienza (Ref. 120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (K=0.24-0.45; tm=3).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Oreochromis squamipinnis (Günther, 1864)