Common names from other countries
分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Issue
Type locality: Mafia Island, Tanzania.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 10 - 400 m (Ref. 89707). 熱帶; 35°N - 32°S, 29°E - 150°E (Ref. 5222)
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to southern Japan and Queensland, Australia. Also from the Paracel Islands in the South China Sea. There are no records from Madagascar, Mauritius, Maldives, Laccadives, and Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and the Philippines.
印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到日本南部與澳洲的昆士蘭省。 也從南中國海的西沙群島。 沒有來自馬達加斯加，模里西斯，馬爾地夫，拉克代夫與斯里蘭卡，印尼與菲律賓的紀錄。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 99 - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2872); 最大体重: 110.0 kg (Ref. 9710)
背棘 (总数) : 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 14 - 15; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8. Distinguished by the following characteristics: body depth contained 2.9-3.5 times in SL; head length 2.3-2.6 times in SL; slightly convex interorbital area; straight dorsal head profile; rounded or subangular preopercle, slightly enlarged serrae at angle; almost straight upper edge of operculum; posterior and anterior nostrils subequal in size; maxilla reaches to or beyond vertical at rear edge of eye; 2-6 rows of teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw (Ref. 89707).
眼间隔些微中凸; 前鳃盖骨圆的或者稍微有角的, 些微地被增大的锯齿; 几乎笔直地的鳃盖的上缘; 鼻孔约略相等的; 颚骨达到或过去的垂直在眼的后缘。 整体的色彩是淡褐色的灰色有一些深褐色的到黑色的空隙大的斑块; 头部有比较小的深褐色的斑点与条纹 (多数放射从眼); 在鳍上的深色的斑点小的末梢部地。 大的成鱼可能是几乎黑色。
Mainly found in deep reef channels and seamounts, in current prone areas (Ref. 48635). Juveniles may be found in tide pools (Ref. 5222). Feeds on reef fishes, skates, crabs, and spiny lobsters (Ref. 5222). Considered to be exceedingly territorial and very aggressive towards intruders. Vulnerable to spear fishers (Ref. 5222). Hand fed by divers in certain areas, but potentially dangerous to the inexperienced. In the Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253). Solitary (Ref 90102).
在水流向下的区域中主要地发现于深的礁峡道与海洋山脊了。 (参考文献 48635) 稚鱼可能被发现于潮池。 (参考文献 5222) 吃珊瑚礁鱼类， 鱼，螃蟹与棘龙虾。 (参考文献 5222) 被认为是了极具领域性与非常有侵略性向侵入者。 应受保育的由于鱼矛渔法。 (参考文献 5222) 在特定的区域中藉着潜水者用手喂食, 但是可能地对无经验者有危险。 在香港活鱼贩售。 (参考文献 27253)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到日本南部與澳洲的昆士蘭省。 也從南中國海的西沙群島。 沒有來自馬達加斯加，模里西斯，馬爾地夫，拉克代夫與斯里蘭卡，印尼與菲律賓的紀錄。
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 16.8 - 27.7, mean 23.9 (based on 619 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.00762 - 0.02872), b=3.05 (2.89 - 3.21), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
