Turkey country information

Common names: Kötek, Kötek balığı, Minekop
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurs in fresh, brackish and marine waters. Known from the Black Sea, Sea of Marmara, Aegean Sea and its watersheds, Mediterranean Sea, European Black Sea watersheds, European Mediterranean Sea watersheds, Anatolian Mediterranean Sea watersheds, Anatolian Black Sea watersheds and Asi Nehri/Orontes watershed (Ref. 58342). Found in central coast of Black Sea (Sinop and Samsun vicinity) (Ref. 88083). Threatened by eutrophication or pollution (Ref. 58342). Also Ref. 4780. Status of threat: Data deficient (Ref. 58342).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Fricke, R., M. Bilecenoglu and H.M. Sari, 2007
National Database: CLOMFOT

Common names from other countries

Ombrine côtière, Verrugato fusco, Corb, ... more

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Umbrina: Latin, umbra, -ae = shadow, in the sense of phantom; due to its quick movements (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina bottenlevande; djupintervall 0 - 100 m (Ref. 3593). Subtropical; 50°N - 30°N, 18°W - 42°E

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay and Gibraltar to southern Morocco, including the Mediterranean, Black Sea and Sea of Azov. Records south of Morocco have not been supported with descriptions.

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 104 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 128540); common length : 40.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3593); publicerad maxvikt: 11.1 kg (Ref. 128540); rapporterad maxålder: 18 år (Ref. 128540)

Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 22 - 23.

Found over rocky and sandy bottoms in coastal waters. Juveniles enter estuaries. Feed on bottom invertebrates.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

Group synchronous oocytes. A multiple-batch spawner (Ref. 109248).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Sårbar, se IUCNs rödlista (VU) (A2b); Date assessed: 30 July 2019

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fiskeri: mindre kommeriell; Vattenbruk: experimentell; sportfisk: ja

FAO(Aquaculture systems: produktion; fiskeri: produktion; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Ytterligare information

Trophic ecology
Födoslag
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predatorer

Ecology
Ekologi
Home ranges

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
Reproduktion
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larver
Larvdynamik

Distribution
Länder
FAO områden
Ekosystem
Förekomster
Utplanteringar
BRUVS - Videos

Anatomy
Gill areas
Hjärnstorlek
Otoliths

Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Fiskljud
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
Genetik
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities

Human related
Aquaculture systems
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

Outreach
Medarbetare

Taxonomy
Populärnamn
synonymer
Morfologi
Morfometri
Bilder

References
referenser

Verktyg

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page | Point data | Populärnamn | Photos

Internet-källor

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 13.3 - 21, mean 18 (based on 276 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00582 - 0.01304), b=3.06 (2.94 - 3.18), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.4 ±0.46 se; based on food items.

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.28).

Prior r = 0.99, 95% CL = 0.65 - 1.48, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Umbrina cirrosa (Linnaeus, 1758)