Common names from other countries
分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies)
鱸形目 (Cichlids, convict blennies) >
Cichlidae (Cichlids)
慈鯛科魚類 (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Pseudocrenilabrus: Greek, pseudes = false + Latin, crenulatus = cut + Latin, labrum = lip (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Weber.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性; pH range: 7.0 - ? ; dH range: 12 - ?. 熱帶; 22°C - 25°C (Ref. 2059); 5°S - 35°S
Africa: from the Orange River system and southern KwaZulu-Natal northwards throughout southern Africa, extending to southern Congo basin tributaries (Ref. 7248, 52193) and lagoons and rivers associated with Lake Malawi, but not the lake itself (Ref. 55954). Also in Lake Rukwa (Ref. 27292). Three subspecies are recognized: Pseudocrenilabrus philander dispersus, Pseudocrenilabrus philander luebberti and Pseudocrenilabrus philander philander.
非洲: 橘河系統，庫內內河，奧塔萬戈河，三比河流域，寬扎河， Cuango ， Cuilo ， Cassai ， Lufira, 盧阿拉巴河-Upemba ， Luapula-Moero ，馬拉威湖, 來自尚比西河下游的非洲東南部南至在納塔爾的 Vungu 河。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 52193); 最大年齡: 5 年 (Ref. 7248)
背棘 (總數) : 13 - 16; 背的軟條 (總數) : 9 - 11; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 7 - 9.
胸鰭短的而且圓的。 尾鰭強烈地圓的。
Found in various habitats, from flowing waters to lakes and isolated sinkholes, e.g., Lake Otjikoto, Namibia (see Ref. 27829); usually prefers vegetated zones. It feeds on insects, shrimps and even small fish (Ref. 52193). Breeds from early spring to late summer; males establish and defend a territory, construct a simple cleared nest and attract ripe females; eggs are laid in the nest, fertilized and collected by the female; the female withdraws to a quiet nursery area to brood the eggs, larvae and juveniles until they are able to fend for themselves (Ref. 7248, 52193). Ovophilic, agamous maternal mouthbrooder; no pair-bonding takes place (Ref. 52307).
從流動的水域到湖與孤立的陰溝入口處，例如，湖 Otjikoto ，發現於各種不同的棲息地了, 那米比亞;(見參考文獻 27829) 通常偏愛長滿植物的區域。 吃昆蟲，蝦甚至小魚。 從初春到夏末的繁殖; 雄性防護領土, 構造一個單一的被清除的巢而且吸引成熟的雌性。 卵在被受精而且收集母魚的巢中生產。 雌性撤回到一間育幼孵卵直到幼齡期。 (參考文獻 7248)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Female lays batches of eggs on a substratum which the male begins to inseminate. Female collects the eggs almost immediately after laying a batch and incubates eggs in her mouth for 12-14 days at 26°C, releasing the young after which. Parent guards the young for 5-7 days, keeping them into her mouth when approached by predators or divers. 非洲: 橘河系統，庫內內河，奧塔萬戈河，三比河流域，寬扎河， Cuango ， Cuilo ， Cassai ， Lufira, 盧阿拉巴河-Upemba ， Luapula-Moero ，馬拉威湖, 來自尚比西河下游的非洲東南部南至在納塔爾的 Vungu 河。
Skelton, P.H., 1991. Pseudocrenilabrus. p. 394-398. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5682)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 28 February 2018
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00774 - 0.02145), b=2.96 (2.82 - 3.10), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=4.5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
