The second largest shark, reportedly reaching 1,220-1,520 cm TL (Ref. 247). Thought to live up to 50 years (Ref. 9030, 89083). Semi-oceanic or oceanic species, highly migratory (Ref. 43278). Found on continental and insular shelves, offshore and often close to land, just off the surf zone; enters enclosed bays (Ref. 247). Coastal-pelagic at 1 meter to unknown depths, probably epipelagic (Ref. 58302). Occurs singly, in pairs or groups of 3 or more, or in huge schools (group of up to 100 individuals has been reported) (Ref. 6871, 43278). Prefers water temperature between 8-16 °C (Ref. 88171). Makes extensive horizontal and vertical movements along the continental shelf and shelf edge to utilize productive feeding areas (Ref. 50200). During the summer months, it is found near the surface of boreal to warm-temperate areas (Ref. 43278) feeding on zooplankton by filtering (Ref. 88781). Found in deeper waters during winter (Ref. 6871, 50200, 58302). Undertakes long transoceanic migrations (e.g. from the British Isles to Newfoundland, Canada (Ref. 88824)) and moves between the northern and southern hemisphere in tropical mesopelagic water (Ref. 88825). These migrations have been found to cover distances of over 9,000 km. May form segregations by size or sex (Ref. 88171). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Regarded as ordinarily harmless and inoffensive but potentially dangerous if attacked (particularly when harpooned) (Ref. 247). In Bay of Fundy, Canada parasitic lampreys have been found attached to the back of basking sharks and sucking their blood (Ref. 83375). Utilized fresh, frozen and dried, or salted (Ref. 9987). Also valued for its liver for oil, fins for soup, hide for leather and carcass for fishmeal (Ref. 247). May be a potential source of anti-carcinoma drugs (Ref. 6034, 6035). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). Threatened due to bycatch fisheries (Ref. 83294).
第二個大的鯊魚, 據報告達到 1,220-1,520 公分TL.(參考文獻 247) 棲息於大陸棚與島嶼棚., 外海而且時常接近土地, 正好外海海浪區; 進入封閉的海灣。 (參考文獻 247) 慢慢地游泳在水表面, 通常形成 3 或 4 的魚群但是一群向上到 100 已經被報告.(參考文獻 6871) 在冬天期間棲息於深水域的底部.。 (參考文獻 6871,58302) 沿岸及大洋性的在 1 公尺對未知的深度, 可能表層帶.(參考文獻 58302) 濾食橈腳類的動物,藤壺,十足目幼生與魚卵從水中。 (參考文獻 247) 卵胎生的, 胚胎吃產生於母親的卵黃囊與其他的卵.(參考文獻 50449) 被認為.通常無害處而無攻擊性但是可能危險如果攻擊 (特別地當用魚叉叉).(參考文獻 247) 被凍結而且乾製的生鮮使用, 或鹽醃的.(參考文獻 9987) 對於它的肝臟用於製造魚肝油 , 鰭用於湯也評價, 隱藏用做皮革與殘骸用於魚粉.(參考文獻 247) 可能是一個抗癌藥物的可能來源。 (參考文獻 6034,6035) 被用於中藥材.。 (參考文獻 12166)
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 5.4 - 22.7, mean 11.4 (based on 10877 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm Total Length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Fec=1-2; Musick et al. 2000 (Ref.
36717)).
Prior r = 0.07, 95% CL = 0.04 - 0.10, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (86 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (62 of 100).