Common names from other countries
分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
鯛科 (Porgies)
Etymology: Petrus: Latin, petra = stone (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 10 - ? m. 亞熱帶的; 28°S - 34°S
Southeast Atlantic: Mossel Bay to Natal in South Africa.
東南大西洋: 對南非的納塔爾的 Mossel 海灣。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 57.5 range ? - 70 cm
Max length : 200 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3198); common length : 100.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3507); 最大體重: 80.0 kg (Ref. 4537)
背棘 (總數) : 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 10 - 11; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8. Reddish, bronzy or golden-yellow in color; young with a blotch behind dorsal fin.
淡紅的﹐青銅色或金黃色的顏色; 幼魚有一個斑塊在後背鰭。
Found near rocky banks in coastal waters including estuaries. Adults solitary and territorial. Feeds on octopus, crabs and fish, especially Spondyliosoma. The flesh is highly esteemed, but the liver is poisonous due to high vitamin A content which causes hypervitaminosis. Popular angling fish. Largest of the porgies.
在沿岸水域包括河口發現於靠近岩石的淺堆了。 成魚獨居性的與具有領域性。 吃章魚，螃蟹與魚, 尤其 Spondyliosoma. 肉是深受喜愛的，但是肝臟是有毒的由於引起維他命過多症的高含量的維他命 A。 受歡迎的垂釣魚種。 大的棘鬣魚。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
東南大西洋: 對南非的納塔爾的 Mossel 海灣。
Smith, J.L.B. and M.M. Smith, 1986. Sparidae. p. 580-594. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3198)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
瀕危 (EN) (A2bd); Date assessed: 03 December 2009
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 15 - 24, mean 22.2 (based on 10 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.00889 - 0.02698), b=3.04 (2.89 - 3.19), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.61 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.08; tm=5-7; tmax=30;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (80 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (92 of 100).
