South Africa country information

Common names: Santer, Santer, Soldier
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref: van der Elst, R.P. and F. Adkin (eds.), 1991
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: gamefish: yes;
Comments: Occurs in the east coast, south to the Cape (Ref. 3198). Stock sound; major component of commercial linefish catch in Natal and southeast coast (Ref. 4332). Also Ref. 12484.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sf.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Smith, J.L.B. and M.M. Smith, 1986
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Denté nufar, Dentón nufar, Guerreiro-de-barras, ... more

Classification / Names Κοινά ονόματα | Συνώνυμα | Catalog of Fishes(Γένος, Είδη) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Οικολογία

Θαλασσινό(ά) Υφαλόφιλο(α); εύρος βάθους 20 - 300 m (Ref. 28016). Tropical; 32°N - 28°S

Κατανομή Χώρες | Περιοχές FAO | Οικοσυστήματα | Παρουσίες | Point map | Εισαγωγές | Faunafri

Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea south to Mossel Bay, South Africa and east to India and Sri Lanka.

Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age

Maturity: L_m 34.6, range 35 - 45 cm
Max length : 75.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 30573); common length : 30.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 3507)

Short description Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία

Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 11 - 12; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 10 - 11; Εδρικές άκανθες: 3; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 8. Silvery with faint, red crossbars; dead specimens almost white or purple.

Found over rocky substrates of coastal waters. Juveniles stay in sheltered areas of estuaries (Ref. 5213). Large specimens caught from the shore only when seas are rough (Ref. 3198). Marketed fresh, whole or dried.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες

Also reported as a 'rudimentary hermaphrodite' or 'late gonochorist' where individuals posses an immature intersexual gonad but mature as either male or female fish with no eveidence of sexual reversal (Ref. 28504).

Main reference Upload your references | Αναφορές | Συντονιστής | Συνεργάτες

Bauchot, M.-L. and M.M. Smith, 1984. Sparidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). volume 4. [var. pag.] FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3507)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Data deficient (DD) ; Date assessed: 01 December 2009

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

αλιεία: περιορισμένης εμπορικότητας

FAO(αλιεία: Παραγωγή; publication : search) | FishSource | Η θάλασσα γύρω μας

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Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page | Σημειακά στοιχεία | Κοινά ονόματα | Photos

Διαδικτυακές πηγές

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 17.8 - 27.7, mean 23.9 (based on 306 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.01217 - 0.01566), b=3.04 (3.01 - 3.07), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.

Ελαστικότητα (Ref. 120179): Χαμηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 4,5 - 14 έτη (K=0.07-0.18; tmax=22).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High vulnerability (60 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Low.

Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes, 1830)