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Ballerus ballerus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Zope
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Ballerus ballerus
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Slovakia country information

Common names: Pleskác siný
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Also Ref. 59043. Status of threat: susceptible (Ref. 90058).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/lo.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Holčik, J., 1996
National Database:

Common names from other countries

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Cypriniformes (Carps) > Leuciscidae (Minnows) > Leuciscinae
Etymology:   More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

; 淡水; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243).   溫帶; 5°C - 25°C (Ref. 12468); 63°N - 43°N, 4°E - 56°E

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Eurasia: large rivers draining to Baltic Sea (absent in northern Sweden and Finland north of 62°N), North Sea (Weser, Elbe), Black Sea, Sea of Azov (Don) and Caspian Sea, where it is abundant in Volga, rare in Ural.
歐亞大陸: 波羅的海,黑海,亞速海北方與裡海的流域。 伯恩公約的附錄 3(受保育的動物群).

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm 25.5, range 24 - 27 cm
Max length : 49.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 129172); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 556); 最大体重: 1.1 kg (Ref. 129172)

简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

Differs from Ballerus sapa by having superior mouth, 62-77 scales on lateral line, and small eye with diameter about 2/3 of snout length in individuals larger than 10 cm SL (Ref. 59043).

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Occur in large lowland rivers with backwaters and also in eutrophic lowland lakes. Feed mainly on zooplankton in open water of backwaters and other still water bodies. Spawn along shores of rivers or in backwaters on submerged vegetation and also on gravel in moderate current. Migrate upriver in long distances to suitable spawning sites. Juveniles stay in backwaters and flooded zones along rivers. Enter freshened parts of seas to forage. Life span reaches more than 10 years. Locally threatened by habitat alterations along river banks (Ref. 59043).

栖息于大河的下面范围。 主要吃浮游生物。 在春天溯河回游而且产卵。 (参考文献 9696)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

Mostly spawn several times during their life. Spawning lasts usually for 1-2 weeks. Female spawn once a year. Male often guard spawning territories along the shoreline (Ref. 59043).歐亞大陸: 波羅的海,黑海,亞速海北方與裡海的流域。 伯恩公約的附錄 3(受保育的動物群).

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 05 March 2010

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的




人类利用

渔业: 低经济
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Trophic ecology
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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00661 (0.00594 - 0.00735), b=3.13 (3.10 - 3.16), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.2   ±0.36 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.18-0.19; tm=4-5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.