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Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790)

Barramundi
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Lates calcarifer   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Lates calcarifer (Barramundi)
Lates calcarifer
Picture by Lai, N.-W.


Singapore country information

Common names: Jin mu lu, Siakap
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: commercial | Ref: FAO Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Service, 1993
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sn.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Sukhavisidh, P. and D. Eggleston, 1974
National Database:

Common names from other countries

رده بندی / Names اسامي عام | مترادف | Catalog of Fishes(جنس, گونه ها) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria) > Latidae (Lates perches)
Etymology: Lates: Latin, lateo, latere = to be hidden.
  More on author: Bloch.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range بوم شناسي

دريايي; آب شيرين; لب شور نزديك كف زي; دريا كوچ (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 10 - 40 m (Ref. 7261).   Tropical; 15°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060); 49°N - 26°S, 56°E - 155°E (Ref. 54239)

پراكنش كشورها | مناطق سازمان خوار و بار جهاني (FAO) | Ecosystems | ظهور | Point map | معرفي | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: eastern edge of the Persian Gulf to China, Taiwan and southern Japan, southward to southern Papua New Guinea and northern Australia.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن

Maturity: Lm 44.5, range 29 - 60 cm
Max length : 200 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 7050); common length : 150 cm NG جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 9799); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 60.0 kg (Ref. 28138); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 35 سال ها (Ref. 125591)

توصيف مختصر كليدهاي شناسايي | ريخت شناسي | ريخت ستجي بوسيله انداره گيري

خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 7 - 9; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 10 - 11; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 7 - 8. Body elongate; mouth large, slightly oblique, upper jaw extending behind the eye. Lower edge of preopercle serrated, with strong spine at its angle; opercle with a small spine and with a serrated flap above the origin of the lateral line. Caudal fin rounded.

زيست شناسي     واژه نامه (بعنوان مثال epibenthic)

Found in coastal waters, estuaries and lagoons, in clear to turbid water (Ref. 5259, 44894). A diadromous fish, inhabiting rivers before returning to the estuaries to spawn. A protandrous hermaphrodite (Ref. 32209). Larvae and young juveniles live in brackish temporary swamps associated with estuaries, and older juveniles inhabit the upper reaches of rivers (Ref. 6390, 44894). Have preference for cover on undercut banks, submerged logs and overhanging vegetation (Ref. 44894). Feed on fishes and crustaceans. They reach 1500-3000 g in one year in ponds under optimum conditions (Ref. 11046, 44894). Juveniles also eat insects (Ref. 44894). Sold fresh and frozen; consumed steamed, pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9987). A very popular and sought-after fish of very considerable economic importance (Ref. 9799). Presently used for aquaculture in Thailand, Indonesia and Australia (Ref. 9799). Australia's most important commercial fish and one of the most popular angling species (Ref. 44894).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)

Breed in estuaries throughout the Indo-Pacific. Maturing male barramundi migrate downstream from freshwater habitats at the start of the wet (monsoon) season to spawn with resident females in estuaries (Ref. 27132) and on tidal flats outside the mouths of rivers (Ref. 6390). Barramundi spawn on the full moon and new moon, primarily at the beginning of an incoming tide which carries the eggs into the estuary (Ref. 28135). Barramundi are broadcast spawners that aggregate to spawn (Ref. 6390). Spawning aggregations occur in or around the mouths of rivers (Ref. 28132). While adults and juveniles are capable of living in fresh water, brackish waters are required for embryonic development (Ref. 6136). Female barramundi are capable of producing large numbers of eggs, with estimates as high as 2.3 million eggs per kg of body weight (Ref. 28134). Barramundi are protandrous hermaphrodites, i.e., they undergo sex reversion during their life cycle. Females are generally absent in the smaller length classes, but dominate larger length classes. Most barramundi mature first as males and function as males for one or more spawning seasons before undergoing sex inversion. A few females will develop directly from immature fish (Ref. 28132). Similarly, some males may never undergo sex inversion (Ref. 28132). Also Ref. 103751.

مآخذ اصلی Upload your references | مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران

Larson, H., 1999. Order Perciformes. Suborder Percoidei. Centropomidae. Sea perches. p. 2429-2432. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9799)

وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  حداقل نگرانی (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 February 2019

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

خطر برای انسان ها

  Harmless




استفاده انسانی

ماهي گيري – شيلات: با ارزش تجاري بالا; آبزي پروري: تجاري; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله; آكواريوم: آکواریوم عمومی
FAO(Aquaculture systems: production, نمايه گونه; ماهي گيري – شيلات: production, نمايه گونه; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

اطلاعات بيشتر

Anatomy
Gill areas
مغزها
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
صداهاي ماهي ها
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
ژنتيك
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
نمايه هاي آبزي پروري
نژادها
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
همكاران
References
مراجع

ابزارها

گزارش های ويژه

بارگيری XML

منابع اينترنتي

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 25 - 29.1, mean 28.3 (based on 710 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5006   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00619 - 0.01542), b=3.00 (2.86 - 3.14), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.8   ±0.60 se; based on food items.
جهندگی (Ref. 120179):  متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (K=0.09-0.13; tm=1-5; Fec = 15,300,000).
Prior r = 0.52, 95% CL = 0.34 - 0.77, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
طبقه قيمت (Ref. 80766):   Very high.