Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển; Thuộc về nước lợ Cùng sống ở rạn san hô; Mức độ sâu 0 - 5 m (Ref. 3723). Subtropical; 41°N - 13°S, 98°W - 14°E
Western Atlantic: New York, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil (Ref. 7251); including the Caribbean Sea (Ref. 3723). Eastern Atlantic: from Morocco to the Canary Islands (Ref. 57227) and in the Gulf of Guinea from Victoria, Nigeria to south to Luanda, Angola (Ref. 4497). Reported from Côte d'Ivoire (Ref. 28587, 57227).
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 3633); common length : 35.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 3633)
Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng) : 0; Các vây lưng mềm (tổng cộng) : 11 - 15; Tia cứng vây hậu môn: 0; Tia mềm vây hậu môn: 10 - 13. Diagnosis: body elongate; lower jaw forming long, narrow beak; upper jaw short, triangular and scaled; absence of scales on snout; no preorbital crest between eye and nasal pit; pelvic fins abdominal; dorsal and anal fins placed far back on body and spineless; caudal fin deeply forked (Ref. 57227).
An inshore, surface-dwelling fish which forms sizeable schools (Ref. 3723). Feeds on small fishes and plankton (Ref. 3723). Mainly used as bait for offshore game fishes such as sailfishes and marlins; utilized as a food fish in the West Indies (Ref. 3723). Minimum depth range from Ref. 84211.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng
Collette, B.B. and N.V. Parin, 1990. Hemiramphidae. p. 579-582. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4497)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Các nghề cá: buôn bán nhỏ; mồi: usually
Các công cụ
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 21.1 - 28.1, mean 27.2 (based on 1007 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00339 (0.00169 - 0.00679), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Chiêù cao, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là dưới 15 tháng (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).