Puerto Rico country information

Common names: Mutton fish, Mutton snapper, Sama
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Also Ref. 50307.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rq.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Allen, G.R., 1985
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Vivaneau sorbe, Pargo criollo, Virgin snapper, ... more

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> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Lutjanidae (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Cuvier.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; brak water rifbewoner; diepte 25 - 95 m (Ref. 9626), usually 40 - 70 m (Ref. 9626). Tropical; 20°C - 28°C; 42°N - 28°S, 98°W - 31°W (Ref. 55226)

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Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA and Bermuda (Anderson, pers. comm.) to southeastern Brazil, including the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 9626). Most abundant around the Antilles, the Bahamas and off southern Florida.

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m 43.8, range 28 - 40 cm
Max length : 94.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 40637); common length : 50.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 55); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 15.6 kg (Ref. 26340); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 29 Jaren (Ref. 46200)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 10 - 11; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 13 - 14; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 7 - 8. Preopercular notch and knob weak. Pectoral fins are long, reaching level of anus. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Back and upper sides olive green, whitish with a red tinge on lower sides and belly. A black spot is on the upper back just above the lateral line and below the anterior dorsal fin rays. A pair of blue stripes runs on the snout-cheek region, the upper continuing behind eye to upper opercle edge.

Adults occur in continental shelf areas as well as clear waters around islands (Ref. 5217). Large adults usually among rocks and coral while juveniles occur over sandy, vegetated (usually Thalassia) bottoms (Ref. 5217). They form small aggregations which disband during the night (Ref. 55). Feed both day and night on fishes, shrimps, crabs, cephalopods, and gastropods (Ref. 55). Flesh considered good quality (Ref. 55). Marketed mainly fresh or frozen (Ref. 55). Traded as an aquarium fish at Clara, Brazil (Ref. 49392).

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Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Gevoelig (NT) ; Date assessed: 10 October 2015

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van groot commercieel belang; sportvis: ja; Aquarium: Commercieel

FAO(visserij: productie; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 19.2 - 27.3, mean 24.2 (based on 116 cells).

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.01249 - 0.01526), b=2.97 (2.95 - 2.99), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 3.9 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.

Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.13-0.25; tm=5.5; tmax=14).

Prior r = 0.36, 95% CL = 0.23 - 0.53, Based on 2 full stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (55 of 100).

Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766): High.

Lutjanus analis (Cuvier, 1828)