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Epinephelus hexagonatus (Forster, 1801)

Starspotted grouper
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Epinephelus hexagonatus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Epinephelus hexagonatus (Starspotted grouper)
Epinephelus hexagonatus
Picture by Randall, J.E.

Pitcairn country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known from Ducie, Henderson and Oeno (Ref. 121505). Museum: Henderson Island, BPBM 17055. Pitcairn Is, BPBM 13240 (Ref. 41650). Also Ref. 4787, 33390, 87915, 090102, 89707.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/pc.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.spc.org.nc/coastfish/Countries/Pitcairn/pitcairn.htm
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Friedlander, A.M., J.E. Caselle, E. Ballesteros, E.K. Brown, A. Turchik and E. Sala, 2014
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Mérou mélifère, Mero mielero, لُؤز عسَلي, ... more

分類 / Names 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Forster.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態学

海 関連する礁; 深さの範囲 0 - 30 m (Ref. 4319), usually 6 - ? m (Ref. 37816).   Tropical; 33°N - 31°S, 30°E - 130°W (Ref. 5222)

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Indo-West Pacific: none have been taken on the African coast, except for the specimen recorded by Randall and Heemstra 1991(Ref. 4787) from Kenyan coast north of Kilifi Creek. It is an insular species found in most tropical Indo-Pacific islands. Absent in the Red Sea and Persian Gulf.

Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢

Maturity: Lm 19.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 27.5 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 48600)

簡単な記述 検索表 | 形態学 | 形態計測学

背面の脊椎 (合計) : 11; 背鰭 (合計) : 15 - 17; 肛門の骨: 3; 臀鰭: 8. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body depth 2.8-3.5 in SL (10-17 cm SL individuals); head length 2.5-2.6 in SL; preopercle rounded, ventral serrae slightly enlarged; upper edge of operculum convex; midlateral part of lower jaw with 3-5 rows of teeth; gill rakers of first gill arch 7-9 + 17-19; dorsal spines 5th-9th subequal (2.5-2.8 in HL); second anal spine 2.1-2.5 in HL, distinctly longer than third spine or depth of peduncle; caudal fin rounded; pectoral-fin rays 17-19, fin length 1.6-1.9 in HL; pelvic fins 1.8-2.1 in HL; lateral-line scales 61-70; lateral scale series 93 to 114. Colour: head and body covered with polygonal (mostly hexagonal) brown spots that tend to merge, leaving only conspicuous triangular white dots at corners of the polygons; dark spots on belly and ventral part of head more rounded and separated, and often reddish brown; 4 or 5 brownish black saddle blotches (formed by groups of darker spots) on dorsal part of body and caudal peduncle, the first 4 extending onto base of dorsal fin; irregular dark bar, formed by darker polygonal spots, on lower part of body below each saddle blotch; large brown or olive spot just behind eye, often joined to similar spot on opercle; fins with close-set dark brown or reddish brown spots and white dots, except distal half of pectoral fins with faint dark spots and no white dots; pelvic and anal fins with pale edge and dark brown submarginal band; interspinous dorsal-fin membranes with dark brown triangle and short white or pale yellow filament behind tip of each spine (Ref. 39231, 90102).

生物学     用語集 (例 epibenthic)

Common in exposed outer-reef areas in relatively shallow water. Well-camouflaged grouper, solitary (Ref 37816). Feeds mainly on fishes and crustaceans (stomatopods and brachyuran crabs) (Ref. 5222). This fish is too small to be of commercial importance except as a food fish in artisanal fisheries. It is caught with hook-and-line, traps, spear, and gill nets (Ref. 39231).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 幼生

主な参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | コーディネーター | 協力者

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)

IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435)

  軽度懸念 (LC) ; Date assessed: 28 January 2018

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

人間に対する脅威

  Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 130160)




Human uses

水産業: 少数商業の; ゲームフィッシュ: はい
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource | 私達の周りの海

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 25.1 - 29.3, mean 28.4 (based on 2803 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00538 - 0.01694), b=3.00 (2.85 - 3.15), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
栄養段階 (Ref. 69278):  4.1   ±0.67 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  高い, １５か月以下の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.9).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
価格帯 (Ref. 80766):   Very high.