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Acanthurus nigricauda Duncker & Mohr, 1929

Epaulette surgeonfish
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Acanthurus nigricauda   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Acanthurus nigricauda (Epaulette surgeonfish)
Acanthurus nigricauda
Picture by Greenfield, J.


Philippines country information

Common names: Bagis, Blackstreak surgeonfish, Dabahita
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known from Sorsogon City (Ref. 58652), Bongo Island and Paril-Sangay Protected Seascape, Moro Gulf (Ref. 106380), Batangas (San Luis, Bauan, Mabini, Lobo, San Juan) Batangas, between 3-7 m deep from Feb. - April 2014 (Ref. 107629), Dauin-Apo I. (Ref. 127519). Museum: Western Calatagan, Batangas, UPZM 5438. Also Ref. 1920, 37792, 48613, 53416, 121724.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: De la Paz, R.M., N. Aragones and D. Agulto, 1988
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) > Acanthuridae (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes) > Acanthurinae
Etymology: Acanthurus: Greek, akantha = thorn + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; brackish; reef-associated; depth range 0 - 30 m (Ref. 9710), usually 2 - 15 m (Ref. 27115).   Tropical; 23°C - 28°C (Ref. 27115); 30°N - 24°S, 39°E - 143°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: East Africa, including the Mascarene Islands (Ref. 37792) to the Tuamoto Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to southern Great Barrier Reef. Not occurring in the Red Sea.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm 18.4  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.3 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 125599); max. published weight: 2.7 kg (Ref. 125599)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 25 - 28; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 23 - 26. Color in life dark brown without lines on body or spots on head (one phase is purplish grey); horizontal black band behind upper gill opening absent on juveniles <6 cm SL; elongate purple band may be present anterior to dorsal origin; caudal fin brown; outer third of pectoral fin pale. Species with gizzard-like stomach.

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Occurs in clear lagoon and seaward reefs around isolated coral heads. Solitary or in small groups (Ref. 90102). Prefers sandy bottoms of bays and lagoons rather than the coral reefs like most other Acanthuridae. The species is sometimes poisonous (Ref. 4795). Caught with nets (Ref. 30573). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128797.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Probably spawn in pairs (Ref. 240).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Randall, John E. | Collaborators

Randall, J.E., 1987. Three nomenclatorial changes in Indo-Pacific surgeonfishes (Acanthurinae). Pac. Sci. 41(1-4):54-61. (Ref. 1921)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 May 2010

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Poisonous to eat (Ref. 4795)




Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 25.3 - 29.3, mean 28.4 (based on 2616 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02344 (0.01969 - 0.02790), b=2.95 (2.91 - 2.99), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.0   ±0.40 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.