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Gymnura australis (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886)

Australian butterfly ray
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Gymnura australis
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Papua New Guinea country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Thus far known only from the southern coast but possibly in the north as well (Ref. 9918). Also Ref. 6871, 75154.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/pp.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.spc.org.nc/coastfish/Countries/PNG/png.htm
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Compagno, L.J.V. and P.R. Last, 1999
National Database:

Common names from other countries

澳洲燕魟, Sydlig sommerfuglerokke, Motýlovec australský, ... more

分類 / Names 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

板鰓亜鋼(サメとエイ類) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Gymnuridae (Butterfly rays)
Etymology: Gymnura: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
  More on authors: Ramsay & Ogilby.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態学

海 底生の; 深さの範囲 250 - ? m (Ref. 114953).   Tropical; 2°S - 35°S, 111°E - 155°E (Ref. 114953)

分布 国々 | 国連食糧農業機関の区域 | エコシステム | 事件 | Point map | 導入 | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: northern Australia and south coast of New Guinea (Refs. 9819, 114953). Also in the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819).

Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢

Maturity: Lm 37.5, range 35 - 40 cm
Max length : 94.0 cm WD オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 114953); 最大公表体重: 7.4 kg (Ref. 114953)

生物学     用語集 (例 epibenthic)

A benthic species. Found on coastal to offshore on continental shelf in open sandy, muddy and silty habitat, including estuaries and intertidal zones. Mainly feeds on bony fishes (Ref. 114953). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Maturity size 35-42 cm WD (males) and 44-46 cm WD (females); hatch size 22-25 cm DW. Produces litters of 1-6 pups (Ref. 114953). Caught by shrimp trawlers.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 幼生

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).

主な参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | コーディネーター : McEachran, John | 協力者

Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)

IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435)

  軽度懸念 (LC) ; Date assessed: 24 March 2015

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

人間に対する脅威

  Harmless




Human uses

水産業: 少数商業の
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 25.6 - 28.7, mean 27.7 (based on 360 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00352 - 0.01710), b=3.09 (2.89 - 3.29), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
栄養段階 (Ref. 69278):  3.8   ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  非常に低い, １４年以上の倍増期間の最小個体群 (Fec assumed to be <10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
価格帯 (Ref. 80766):   Medium.