Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 23.8 - 28.6, mean 27.5 (based on 745 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.01377 - 0.01742), b=2.97 (2.95 - 2.99), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.12-0.18; tmax=12; Fec=5,000,000).
Prior r = 0.17, 95% CL = 0.11 - 0.25, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (88 of 100).