Inhabits coastal waters, on sand or mud bottoms (Ref. 26340). Common along sandy shorelines, sometimes near coral reefs (Ref. 12951). Aggregates in shallow waters ca. 10-20 m deep during summer and autumn months, dispersing to deeper waters during winter (Ref. 114953). Buries itself with only eyes protruding (Ref. 12951). Nocturnal, moves to shallow bays at night to feed; prefers worms, but may take juvenile snake eels, anemones, and, small crustaceans (Ref. 12951). Produces broods of 4 to 15 young (Ref. 26938). Reaches ca. 45 cm TL. Both sexes mature by 27 cm TL; birth size at ca. 11 cm TL (Ref. 114953). Can discharge between 14 and 37 volts. Contact with the skin can produce a severe electric shock. In addition to the main electric organ, this species possesses a bilateral accessory electric organ (Ref. 10011) speculated to have a possible role in social communication (Ref. 10489). Reported to taste good, but not fished commercially. Traded as an aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392).
在沙或泥底部上, 棲息於沿岸水域。 (參考文獻 26340) 普遍的沿著沙質海岸線, 有時在珊瑚礁的附近.(參考文獻 12951) 埋藏它本身,僅僅眼伸出。 (參考文獻 12951) 夜行的, 移動到淺灣在晚上覓食; 偏愛蠕蟲, 但是可能吃蛇鰻幼魚, 卷曲異輻海葵, 與, 小型甲殼動物.(參考文獻 12951) 一窩生產 4 到 15個幼魚。 (參考文獻 26938) 能放電電壓介於 14 與 37 伏特之間。 觸碰皮膚能生產一個嚴重的電擊。 以及主要的發電器,這種持有被深思有一個社會的溝通的可能的角色的一個左右對稱的附屬發電器官 (參考文獻 10011) 。 (參考文獻 10489) 報告嚐起來好, 但是不商業性地漁捕。 在巴西的塞阿臘作為一個水族館魚交易了。 (參考文獻 49392)
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 22.9 - 28, mean 25.6 (based on 442 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00605 - 0.02082), b=2.90 (2.73 - 3.07), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).