New Zealand country information

Common names: Blue cod, Raawaru
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref: Armitage, R.O., D.A. Payne, G.J. Lockley, H.M. Currie, R.L. Colban, B.G. Lamb and L.J. Paul (eds.), 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: gamefish: yes;
Comments: Occurs in rocky areas throughout New Zealand coastal waters but most common in the southern region and the Chatham Is. (Ref. 9258). Recorded from bottom trawls off the east coast of South Island (Ref. 58461). Available throughout the year but landings peak during winter (Ref. 9258). Voucher specimen(s) held at the NMNZ. Also Ref. 3243, 9072, 45493, 45524.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/nz.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.fish.govt.nz/
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts and P. McMillan, 1989
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Blue cod, 新西兰拟鲈, Sandbarsch, ... more

رده بندی / Names اسامي عام | مترادف | Catalog of Fishes(جنس, گونه ها) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Uranoscopoidei (Sand dwellers) > Pinguipedidae (Sandperches)
Etymology: Parapercis: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, perke = perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forster.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range بوم شناسي

دريايي نزديك كف زي; تغييرات عمق 52 - 150 m (Ref. 9072). Temperate; 34°S - 52°S, 163°E - 175°W

پراكنش كشورها | مناطق سازمان خوار و بار جهاني (FAO) | Ecosystems | ظهور | Point map | معرفي | Faunafri

Southwest Pacific: restricted to New Zealand.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن

Maturity: L_m 14.5, range 10 - 19 cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 3243); common length : 35.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 9258); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 2.5 kg (Ref. 3243); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 17 سال ها (Ref. 9072)

Inhabits rocky areas to a depth of 150 m (Ref. 9258). Carnivore which feeds mainly on small fish and crabs. Feeds by stalking its prey and swallowing it whole. Adults are home-ranging (Ref. 26966). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 58489.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)

مآخذ اصلی Upload your references | مراجع | هماهنگ كننده : Ho, Hsuan-Ching | همكاران

Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts and P. McMillan, 1989. New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series No. 19. 279 p. (Ref. 5755)

وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)

حداقل نگرانی (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 February 2009

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

خطر برای انسان ها

Harmless

استفاده انسانی

ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله

FAO(ماهي گيري – شيلات: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

اطلاعات بيشتر

Trophic ecology
اقلام غذايي
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
شکارچیان

Ecology
بوم شناسي
Home ranges

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
نوسانات طولی
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
تولید مثل
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
توزاد ( لارو)
پويايي لاروي

Distribution
كشورها
مناطق سازمان خوار و بار جهاني (FAO)
Ecosystems
ظهور
معرفي
BRUVS - Videos

Anatomy
Gill areas
مغزها
Otoliths

Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
صداهاي ماهي ها
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
ژنتيك
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities

Human related
Aquaculture systems
نمايه هاي آبزي پروري
نژادها
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

Outreach
همكاران

Taxonomy
اسامي عام
مترادف
ريخت شناسي
ريخت ستجي بوسيله انداره گيري
عکس ها

References
مراجع

ابزارها

گزارش های ويژه

راجع به نگهداری آکواريم ملاحظه کنيد | برگه اطلاعات و مشخصات گونه ها را ملاحظه کنيد | برگه اطلاعات و مشخصات آبزی پروری را ببينيد

بارگيری XML

صفحه خلاصه | Point data | اسامي عام | تصاوير

منابع اينترنتي

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 8.5 - 16.5, mean 12.6 (based on 29 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00685 - 0.01057), b=3.13 (3.07 - 3.19), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.9 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.

جهندگی (Ref. 120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (K=0.66; tm=2; tmax=17).

Prior r = 0.44, 95% CL = 0.29 - 0.66, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).

طبقه قيمت (Ref. 80766): High.

Parapercis colias (Forster, 1801)