Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman 1 - 50 m (Ref. 9258). Temperate
Southwest Pacific: around New Zealand only.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 32.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 9258); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 600.00 g (Ref. 9258)
Inhabits coastal waters down to about 50 m (Ref. 9258). Juveniles gather in sheltered inshore waters, such as estuarine areas, shallow mudflats and sandflats, where they remain for up to two years (Ref. 9072).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts and P. McMillan, 1989. New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series No. 19. 279 p. (Ref. 5755)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; Ikan buruan: ya
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 11.7 - 20.2, mean 17.6 (based on 36 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.00759 - 0.03160), b=2.94 (2.74 - 3.14), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (tmax=4; k >0.30).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (22 of 100).