Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي ناحیه ای از منطقه اقیانوسی با عمق بین 1000 تا 4000 متر. موجوداتی که در آبهای آزاد بین اعماق 1000 تا 4000 متر زندگی و تغذیه می کنند; تغييرات عمق 0 - 2000 m (Ref. 9927), usually 500 - 700 m (Ref. 6744). Deep-water; 65°N - 40°S
Circumglobal: In tropical to temperate waters. Eastern Atlantic: Iceland and British Isles to South Africa including Canary Islands and Ascension Island (Ref. 6744). Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951). Not recorded from the Mediterranean (Ref. 6744).
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 27.6 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 5951); common length : 9.0 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 6536)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 1; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 25 - 29; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 1; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 18 - 24; مهره ها: 27 - 29. Body black dorsally, silvery on sides (Ref. 6622). Branchiostegal rays: 7-8 (Ref. 36622). Body deep, heavy, sides straight. Large adults very dark brown (Ref. 37108).
Juveniles are found from near surface to about 250 m to more than 1,000 m (Ref. 6536). Largest adults may be benthopelagic (Ref. 9851). Adults are plankton-eaters like the other members of the family (Ref. 6744). Oviparous, with planktonic larvae (Ref. 36622).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: علاقه بالقوه
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 3.3 - 12.2, mean 8.1 (based on 510 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02630 (0.01238 - 0.05589), b=3.03 (2.83 - 3.23), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).