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Torpedo fuscomaculata Peters, 1855

Black-spotted torpedo
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Image of Torpedo fuscomaculata (Black-spotted torpedo)
No image available for this species;
drawing shows typical species in Torpedinidae.


Mozambique country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurs in southern Mozambique (fairly common). Caught by inshore anglers and trawlers (Ref. 5578). Also Ref. 2712.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/mz.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: de Carvalho, M.R., M.F.W. Stehmann and L.G. Manilo, 2002
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (tubarões e raias) (sharks and rays) > Torpediniformes (Electric rays) > Torpedinidae (Electric rays)
Etymology: Torpedo: Latin, torpere = be sluggish (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Peters.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; estuarina associadas(os) a recifes; intervalo de profundidade 0 - 439 m (Ref. 11228), usually ? - 50 m (Ref. 114953).   Tropical; 2°S - 35°S, 17°E - 59°E (Ref. 114953)

Distribuição Países | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Western Indian Ocean: from South Africa to Zanzibar and possibly as far north as the Kenyan coast. (Ref. 83892). Possibly occurring off smaller islands in the Indian Ocean but identity of specimens uncertain and need verification (Ref. 5578). Found in estuaries in South Africa during periods of high salinity (Ref. 114953).

Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 64.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 2712)

Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Large ray with a small caudal fin and small papillae around the spiracles (Ref. 5578). Dull grey above with variable markings, often in the form of dark lines or large spots; white below (Ref. 5578).

Biologia     Glossário (p.ex. epibenthic)

Inhabits estuaries and intertidal zone down to 439 m (Ref. 5578). Found in sandy areas near deep rocky reefs (Ref. 2712). Feeds on fishes and cuttlefish (Ref. 5578). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Large prey probably stunned by its powerful electric discharge (Ref. 5578). Young born in the summer (Ref. 5578). Common accidental catch of anglers (Ref. 114953).

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador : Carvalho, Marcelo | Colaboradores

Compagno, L.J.V., 1986. Torpedinidae. p. 112-113. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 2712)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)

  Dados insuficientes (DD) ; Date assessed: 24 April 2018

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

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Uso pelos humanos

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 12 - 25.8, mean 19.1 (based on 171 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5005   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.00659 - 0.03318), b=2.97 (2.78 - 3.16), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278):  4.5   ±0.75 se; based on food items.
Resiliência (Ref. 120179):  Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).