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Hypanus americanus (Hildebrand & Schroeder, 1928)

Southern stingray
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Hypanus americanus
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Mexico country information

Common names: Raya látigo, Raya látigo blanca
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Recorded from Celestún Biosphere Reserve, Yucatan (Ref. 74908). Also Ref. 93252, 27549.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/mx.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Anonymous, 1994
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (tubarões e raias) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Dasyatidae (Stingrays) > Dasyatinae
Etymology:   More on authors: Hildebrand & Schroeder.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; estuarina associadas(os) a recifes; intervalo de profundidade 0 - 53 m (Ref. 13608), usually ? - 4 m (Ref. 55205).   Subtropical; 36°N - 4°S, 100°W - 37°W (Ref. 55205)

Distribuição Países | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: New Jersey, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to southern Brazil, including the Antilles (Ref. 3168).

Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: Lm 81.3, range 75 - 80 cm
Max length : 200 cm WD macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3168); common length : 90.0 cm WD macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3168); peso máx. publicado: 135.6 kg (Ref. 40637); idade máx. registrada: 28 anos (Ref. 53968)

Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Disk has sharp outer corners and irregular row of short spines on upper surface (Ref. 26938). Disk usually uniform dark brown above, grayer in young. Ventral finfold on tail long and high, dorsal finfold absent (Ref. 7251). Upper surface of disc gray, dark or olivaceous brown or olive green. Lower surface of disc white or whitish with an edging of gray or brown (Ref. 6902).

Biologia     Glossário (p.ex. epibenthic)

Found on sandy bottoms, seagrass beds, lagoons and the reef face (Ref. 12951). Common in bays and estuaries (Ref. 7251). Observed singly, in pairs and in aggregations (Ref. 12951). Buries in the sand during the day and forages at night, usually in seagrass beds (Ref. 12951). Feeds mainly on bivalves and worms and also takes shrimps, crabs and small fishes (Ref. 3168). Feeds by creating depressions in the sand to expose invertebrates and small fishes (Ref. 9710). Ovoviviparous, with 3-4 in a litter (Ref. 12951). May be found in cleaning stations where they are attended to by the bluehead wrasse and Spanish hogfish (Ref. 12951). Equipped with a well-developed serrated spine and capable of inflicting a painful laceration. Easily approached by divers (Ref. 9710).

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Male mounts on female dorsally (Ref. 12951).

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador : McEachran, John | Colaboradores

Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor, 2016. Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)

  Quase ameaçada (NT) (A2bd); Date assessed: 21 June 2019

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

  Traumatogenic (Ref. 4690)




Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: espécies comerciais; peixe esportivo: sim
FAO(pescarias: produção; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Mais informação

Trophic ecology
Itens alimentares
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predadores
Ecology
Ecologia
Home ranges
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Frequências de comprimento
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
Reprodução
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
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Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larvas
Dinâmica larval
Distribution
Países
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Ocorrências
Introduções
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
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Cérebros
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Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Tipo de natação
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Sons de peixes
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
Genética
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Perfis para aquacultura
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Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
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References
Referências

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Fontes da internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 23.7 - 28.1, mean 27.3 (based on 795 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5039   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00265 - 0.01571), b=3.06 (2.86 - 3.26), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278):  3.5   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliência (Ref. 120179):  Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (tmax=28; Fec=3-4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766):   Low.