Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino demersale; distribuzione batimetrica 19 - 130 m (Ref. 26938). Subtropical; 37°N - 7°N, 98°W - 59°W
Western Atlantic: North Carolina to southern Florida, USA, northern Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Colombia to Trinidad and Tobago.
Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 71.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 26938); common length : 35.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 3275); peso massimo pubblicato: 2.8 kg (Ref. 40637)
Occurs in bays, lagoons and shallow coastal waters (Ref. 7251). Inhabits mainly hard and sandy bottoms (Ref. 3275).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Riproduzione | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larve
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesca: scarso interesse commerciale
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 21.1 - 27.5, mean 24.2 (based on 84 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00290 - 0.01435), b=3.17 (2.99 - 3.35), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).