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Sciaena umbra Linnaeus, 1758

Brown meagre
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Sciaena umbra   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Sciaena umbra (Brown meagre)
Sciaena umbra
Picture by Patzner, R.

Malta country information

Common names: Gharab, Gharbi, Gurbell
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Also Ref. 4780.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/mt.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Lanfranco, G.G., 1996
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Corb commun, Corvallo, Corb du Cameroun, ... more

Classification / Names Κοινά ονόματα | Συνώνυμα | Catalog of Fishes(Γένος, Είδη) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Sciaena: Greek, skiaina, skion = a fish, red mullet (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Οικολογία

Θαλασσινό(ά); Υφάλμυρο βενθικό(ς); εύρος βάθους 1 - 200 m (Ref. 9505).   Subtropical; 51°N - 13°N, 19°W - 42°E

Κατανομή Χώρες | Περιοχές FAO | Οικοσυστήματα | Παρουσίες | Point map | Εισαγωγές | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Southern Bay of Biscay to Mauritania, occasionally southwards to Senegal. Also throughout the Mediterranean and Black seas. Records from Ghana (Ref. 6810) and Gabon (Ref. 5516) are questionable. Two records in Belgium were actually for Micropogonias undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Ref. 117298). The record off Wimereux is a misinterpretation during data entry mistake from the the Müller (2004, Ref. YYY) (Bailly, pers. comm., March 2018).

Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age

Maturity: Lm 23.5  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 3397); common length : 28.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 3397); μεγ. αναφερόμενη ηλικία: 21 έτη (Ref. 9505)

Short description Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία

Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 11; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 23 - 25; Εδρικές άκανθες: 2; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 7 - 8.

Βιολογία     Γλωσσάρι (π.χ. epibenthic)

Occurs in shallow coastal waters mainly on rocky and sandy bottoms, often entering estuaries and more active at night. Also inhabits caves and reefs (Ref. 9987). Feeds on small fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 4780). SCUBA diving observations suggest this to be a very calm fish with remarkable buoyancy control and an ability to move without much apparent effort (Ref. 9505). Marketed fresh and frozen; in Turkey, otoliths are ground to a powder and used as remedy for urinary tract infections (Ref. 9987).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες

Main reference Upload your references | Αναφορές | Συντονιστής | Συνεργάτες

Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Near Threatened (NT) ; Date assessed: 03 March 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά)
FAO(αλιεία: Παραγωγή; publication : search) | FishSource | Η θάλασσα γύρω μας

Περισσότερες πληροφορίες

Trophic ecology
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Food consumptions
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Θηρευτές
Ecology
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Population dynamics
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Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
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Αναπαραγωγή
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Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Ήχοι ψαριών
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Summary page | Σημειακά στοιχεία | Κοινά ονόματα | Photos

Διαδικτυακές πηγές

Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(Γένος, Είδη) | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Εθνικές βάσεις δεδομένων | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Δημόσια ενυδρεία | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Δέντρο Ζωής | Wikipedia(Go, αναζήτηση) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 12.8 - 19.6, mean 15.3 (based on 215 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5625   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00773 - 0.00937), b=3.08 (3.05 - 3.11), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref. 69278):  3.8   ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref. 120179):  Μεσαίο(α), ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 1,4 - 4,4 έτη (K=0.19; tm=3; tmax=21).
Prior r = 0.59, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.88, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High vulnerability (62 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Very high.