Kuwait country information

Common names: Halwayah
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Also Ref. 3287.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ku.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Al-Husaini, M., J.M. Bishop, H.M. Al-Foudari and A. Al-Baz, 2015
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Castagnoline noire, Palometa negra, Castagnoline noire, ... more

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Carangiformes (Jacks) > Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Parastromateus: Greek, para in the side of + Greek, stromatos = a fish flattened body with a lot of colours (Stromateus sp.) (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; estuarina associadas(os) a recifes; anfídromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 15 - 105 m (Ref. 12260), usually 15 - 40 m (Ref. 54702). Tropical; 42°N - 30°S, 32°E - 154°E

Distribuição Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to southern Japan and Australia.

Length at first maturity / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: L_m 23.0, range 22 - 24 cm
Max length : 75.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 5284); common length : 30.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3287)

Descrição breve Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 2 - 6; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 41 - 46; Espinhos anais: 2; Raios anais moles: 35 - 40; Vértebras: 24. Deep-bodied and strongly compressed fishes. Lateral line ends in weakly-developed scutes on the caudal peduncle. Pelvic fins lost in individuals over 9 cm. Color is brown above, silvery-white below. The anterior parts of the dorsal and anal fins bluish-gray. The other fins yellowish.

Adults inhabit coastal areas with muddy substrate. Found near the bottom during daytime and near the surface at night. They also enter estuaries (Ref. 1479). Normally form large schools (Ref. 5213). Swim on its side near the surface (Ref. 3197). Feed on zooplankton (Ref. 30573). Excellent food fish (Ref. 3197); marketed fresh, may be dried or salted (Ref. 5284).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador : Smith-Vaniz, William F. | Colaboradores

Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Preocupação menor (LC) ; Date assessed: 17 July 2017

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para o homem

Harmless

Utilização humana

Pescarias: altamente comercial

FAO(pescarias: produção, perfil da espécie; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Mais informação

Trophic ecology
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Ecology
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Physiology
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Genetics
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Fontes da internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.3 - 29.1, mean 28.1 (based on 1436 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02570 (0.02118 - 0.03119), b=2.89 (2.83 - 2.95), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278): 2.9 ±0.35 se; based on food items.

Resiliência (Ref. 120179): Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.6; Fec=1,692).

Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 15 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Very high vulnerability (86 of 100).

Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766): High.

Parastromateus niger (Bloch, 1795)