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Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822)

Hilsa shad
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Tenualosa ilisha   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Tenualosa ilisha (Hilsa shad)
Tenualosa ilisha
Picture by Randall, J.E.


Kuwait country information

Common names: Suboor
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Most important species in the country's drift-net fishery. Average annual landings in 1981-89 amounted to 152 tons and constituted about 2.5% of Kuwait's total commercial fish landings (Ref. 43871). Also Ref. 115964.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ku.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names आम नाम | उपशब्द | Catalog of Fishes(वर्ग, प्रजाति) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Tenualosa: Latin, tenuis = thin + Latin, alausa = a fish cited by Ausonius and Latin, halec = pickle, dealing with the Greek word hals = salt; it is also the old Saxon name for shad = "alli" ; 1591 (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Hamilton.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

समुद्री; स्वच्छ जल, अलवण जल; खारा; ऐनाढरोमस (Ref. 127664); गहराई सीमा ? - 200 m.   Tropical; 34°N - 5°N, 42°E - 97°E (Ref. 188)

वितरण देश | ऐफ ऐ ओ क्षेत्र | Ecosystems | संयोग | Point map | भूमिका | Faunafri

Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf eastward to Myanmar, including western and eastern coasts of India. Reported from the Gulf of Tonkin, Viet Nam (Ref. 9706). Reported in Tigris River basin and probably other rivers of southern Iran (Ref. 39702).

Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: Lm 31.3, range 18 - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm SL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 188); common length : 36.0 cm SL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 4832); common length :42 cm TL (female); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 680.00 g (Ref. 4832); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 680.00 g; अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 5 वर्षो (Ref. 43871)

Short description पहचान कुंजी | आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स

पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 0; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 18 - 21; गुदा कांटा: 0; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 18 - 23. Belly with 30 to 33 scutes. Distinct median notch in upper jaw. Gill rakers fine and numerous, about 100 to 250 on lower part of arch. Fins hyaline. A dark blotch behind gill opening, followed by a series of small spots along flank in juveniles. Color in life, silver shot with gold and purple.

जीवविज्ञान     शब्द संग्रह (उदाहरणार्थ epibenthic)

Schooling in coastal waters and ascending rivers for as much as 1200 km (usually 50-100 km). Migration though is sometimes restricted by barrages. Hilsa far up the Ganges and other large rivers seem to be permanent river populations. Feeds on plankton, mainly by filtering, but apparently also by grubbing on muddy bottoms. Breeds mainly in rivers during the southwest monsoon (also from January to February to March). Artificial propagation has been partially successful in India (Ref. 4832). Known to be a fast swimmer, covering 71 km in one day (Ref. 12203). Marketed fresh or dried-salted.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा

Breeds mainly in rivers, upstream to about 50 km or even over 1000 km as in the Ganges (younger fishes may breed in the tidal zone of rivers). In some rivers the migration is restricted by barrages; there is some evidence that hilsa far up the Ganges and other large rivers, although migrating upstream to spawn, are permanent river populations that do not descend to the sea. The main breeding season is during the southwest monsoon, with a shorter season from January to February or March.

Main reference Upload your references | संदर्भ | संयोजक | सहयोगीयो

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 January 2013

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य; जलीयकृषि: प्रयोगात्मक
FAO(मात्स्यिकी: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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इंटरनेट स्रोत

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 21.3 - 28, mean 24.7 (based on 224 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5312   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00801 - 0.01039), b=3.03 (2.99 - 3.07), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  2.9   ±0.29 se; based on food items.
लौटाव (Ref. 120179):  माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (K=0.3-1.2; tmax=5; tm=2; Fec=220,000).
Prior r = 0.59, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.89, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Very high vulnerability (84 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   High.