Japan country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Reported from Sanriku (Ref. 96339). Also Ref. 43939.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.maff.go.jp/eindex.html
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Love, M.S., C.W. Mecklenburg, T.A. Mecklenburg and L.K. Thorsteinson, 2005
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Torpille du Pacifique, Torpedo del Pacífico, Raya eléctrica, ... more

Classification / Names ຊື່ສາມັນ | ຄຳສັບຄ້າຍຄືກັນ | Catalog of Fishes(ຕະກຸນ, ຊະນິດ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

ກຸ່ມປາກະດູກອ່ອນ (ເຊັ່ນ: ປາສະຫລາມ, ປາຜາໄລ) (sharks and rays) > Torpediniformes (Electric rays) > Torpedinidae (Electric rays)
Etymology: californica: Named after the state of California (Ref. 6885).
More on author: Ayres.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range ນິເວດວິທະຍາ

ສັດທະເລ ອາໄສຢູ່ໃກ້ໜ້າດິນໃຕ້ພື້ນທ້ອງນ້ຳ; ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 0 - 906 m (Ref. 96339), usually 3 - 200 m (Ref. 55307). Temperate; 48°N - 23°N, 126°W - 110°W (Ref. 55307)

ການແຜ່ກະຈາຍ ປະເທດ | ເຂດ FAO | ລະບົບນິເວດ | ການປະກົດຕົວ | Point map | ການແນະນຳ | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Dixon Entrance, British Columbia, Canada to Sebastian Vizcaino Bay, Baja California, Mexico. Electric rays off Peru, Chile, and Japan may belong to this species (Ref. 2850).

Length at first maturity / ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age

Maturity: L_m ?, range 73 - ? cm
Max length : 140 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 12951); 137.0 cm TL (female); common length : 91.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 43939); common length :137 cm TL (female); ນ້ຳໜັກສູງສຸດທີ່ເຄຍຈັດພີມມາ: 0.00 g; ອາຍຸສູງສຸດທີ່ເຄຍລາຍງານມາ: 16 ປີ (Ref. 48844)

Short description ຕົວທີ່ໃຊ້ໃນການຈຳແນກຊະນິດ | ສະລີລະວິທະຍາ | ການວັດແທກຮູບຮ່າງລັກສະນະພາຍນອກຂອງດິນ,ສັດ,ປາ…

Gray with scattered black spots dorsally, no ocelli. 1st dorsal fin much larger than 2nd. Spiracle margin smooth and without papillae.

Found on the outer continental shelf, around rocks, in kelp beds, over fine sand bottoms or buried in sand. Solitary, nomadic, and can remain suspended in the water with minimal swimming (Ref. 12951). Feeds on bony fishes, mainly herrings and halibuts. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Produces litters of up to 17 pups. Males reaches maturity at ca. 65 cm TL, females at ca. 73 cm TL (Ref. 114953). Attacks their prey from the substratum by day and actively forage at night with the aid of its electric organ discharge or EOD (Ref. 10011). The EOD of a large individual was measured at 50 V; with a low internal organ resistance the power output exceeded 1 kW (Ref. 10480). Aggressive when provoked but no human has yet been injured by the electric shock (Ref. 2850). Does not do well in aquariums (Ref. 12951).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | ການສືບພັນ | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | ຕົວອ່ອນ

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Reproductive cycle appears to be annual in males and biannual in females (Ref. 48844). No defined birthing season (Ref. 48844).

Main reference Upload your references | ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ | ຜູ້ປະສານງານ : Carvalho, Marcelo | ຜູ້ຮ່ວມມື

Allen, M.J. and G.B. Smith, 1988. Atlas and zoogeography of common fishes in the Bering Sea and northeastern Pacific. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 66, 151 p. (Ref. 6793)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 05 January 2015

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Other (Ref. 13513)

Human uses

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

ຂໍ້ມູນຕື່ມອີກ

Trophic ecology
ລາຍການອາຫານ
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
ຜູ້ລ້າ

Ecology
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
Home ranges

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
ການສືບພັນ
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
ຕົວອ່ອນ
ການປ່ຽນແປງຂອງຕົວອ່ອນ

Distribution
ປະເທດ
ເຂດ FAO
ລະບົບນິເວດ
ການປະກົດຕົວ
ການແນະນຳ
BRUVS - Videos

Anatomy
Gill areas
ສະໝອງ
Otoliths

Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
ປະເພດການລອຍ
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
ສຽງຂອງປາ
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
ກຳມະພັນ
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities

Human related
Aquaculture systems
ຂໍ້ມູນການລ້ຽງສັດນ້ຳ
ສາຍພັນ
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

Outreach
ຜູ້ຮ່ວມມື

Taxonomy
ຊື່ສາມັນ
ຄຳສັບຄ້າຍຄືກັນ
ສະລີລະວິທະຍາ
ການວັດແທກຮູບຮ່າງລັກສະນະພາຍນອກຂອງດິນ,ສັດ,ປາ…
ຮູບ

References
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ

ເຄື່ອງມື

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

Download XML

Summary page | ຈຸດໃດໜຶ່ງທີ່ສະແດງຂໍ້ມູນ | ຊື່ສາມັນ | Photos

ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 8.6 - 22.3, mean 12.8 (based on 100 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.00659 - 0.03318), b=2.97 (2.78 - 3.16), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items.

ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (Ref. 120179): ຕຳ່, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 4.5 - 14 ປີ (Fec = 17; tm=9; tmax=16).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (79 of 100).

Tetronarce californica (Ayres, 1855)