Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 1 - 80 m (Ref. 5217). Subtropical; 42°N - 35°S, 98°W - 28°W
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA, the northern Gulf of Mexico and the Bahamas southward to Uruguay. Occurrence in western Caribbean is doubtful (Ref. 26938).
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm 12.9 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 7251); common length : 16.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 5217)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 10; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 12; شوكة شرجية: 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 7 - 8. Body pale brown dorsally with several vertical dark brown bars, becoming white ventrally; dorsal fin dusky with longitudinal yellow lines; pectoral, pelvic and anal fins dusky; caudal fin dusky with small yellow blotches (Ref. 13608). Preopercle has spines radiating from 2 centers (Ref. 26938).
Inhabits bays, coastal grassy areas and shallow banks. Solitary (Ref. 26340) and retreats into shelter when frightened (Ref. 9710). Neither opercular spine nor anterolateral glandular grooves with venom gland is present (Ref. 57406). Synchronously hermaphroditic. Popular as a pan fish despite its small size.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Simultaenous hermaphrodite. The gonad contains ovarian and testicular tissue separated by a thin basement membrane, with no means of internal self-fertilization.
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; لعبة سمكه: نعم
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 21.9 - 28, mean 25.2 (based on 542 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00746 - 0.01115), b=3.10 (3.06 - 3.14), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (K=0.29-1.5; tm=1.01).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
