Common names from other countries
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Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Soleidae (Soles)
Etymology: Synapturichthys: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, aptein = to join + Greek, oura = tail + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Risso.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ökologie
seewasser; brackwasser demersal; tiefenbereich 20 - 460 m (Ref. 5304). Subtropical; 44°N - 32°S
Eastern Atlantic and Western Indian Ocean: Mediterranean south to Durban, South Africa.
Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm 29.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3200); common length : 15.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3397)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 0; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 75 - 92; Afterflossenstacheln: 0; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 63 - 72; Wirbelzahl: 46 - 47. Brownish with irregular white or dark lines, spots and ocelli; fins blackish (Ref. 3200).
Inhabits sandy and muddy bottoms; mainly in shallow water (Ref. 3200).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Desoutter, M., 1990. Soleidae. p. 1037-1049. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5304)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell
Tools
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 13 - 24.2, mean 15.9 (based on 348 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00673 - 0.01628), b=2.98 (2.85 - 3.11), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (K=0.3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).